biology quiz 3

Question 1

Organisms respond to environmental factors called _______

Answer 1

stimuli

Question 2

Plants have control systems called _______ which allow them to respond to changes in the environment.

Answer 2

Tropism

Question 3

Tropism is the ______ mechanism a plant has in response to an external stimuli.

Answer 3

growth

Question 4

plants can respond to stimuli by:

• stoma _____ and ______
• branches grow
• leaves drop off
• flowers bloom

Answer 4

stoma open and closes

Question 5

What is phototropism?

Answer 5

the growth of a plant towards the light

Question 6

how does phototropism help plants?

Answer 6

helps plant maximize the amount of light they absorb through leaves.

Question 7

more photosynthesis = …

Answer 7

fuels further plant growth.

Question 8

which part of the plant shows positive/negative phototropism (grow towards/away the light)

Answer 8

Leaves and stems show positive phototropism (towards) and roots show negative phototropism (away).

Question 9

What is the effect of auxin?

Answer 9

Auxin causes cells on the shades side of the stem to grow longer than the cells on the lighted side.

Question 10

What is gravitropism?

Answer 10

A plant’s growth response to the force of gravity.

Question 11

which part of the plant shows positive/negative gravitropism (grow downwards/upwards)

Answer 11

Roots show positive gravitropism (grow downwards) and stems show negative gravitropism (grow upwards).

Question 12

What are nastic movements?

Answer 12

Reaction to touch (ex. venus fly traps)

Question 13

What are xylem and phloem vessels?

Answer 13

a system of vessels that transport water, minerals, and sugar throughout the plant.

Question 14

Where are xylem and phloem vessels found?

Answer 14

theyre found in leaves, roots, and stems.

Question 15

Xylem vessels transport what from the soil to the leaves?

Answer 15

water and dissolved minerals

Question 16

Xylem vessels are
made up of _____ cells.
form hollow tubes consisting of only cell walls.
linked end to end, forming long continuous tubes.

Answer 16

dead

Question 17

Water transported by xylem vessels is used for _______ and prevents wilting

Answer 17

photosynthesis

Question 18

Phloem vessels transport ______ produced during photosynthesis.

Answer 18

sugars

Question 19

Phloem vessels are made up of ________ joined end to end.

Answer 19

living cells

Question 20

The cell walls in phloem vessels are ________ (contain tiny holes) allowing them to exchange materials with neighbouring cells.

Answer 20

porous

Question 21

Sugary sap flows ____ the phloem vessels by passing through pores

Answer 21

down

Question 22

Water and minerals enter a plant from the…

Answer 22

roots

Question 23

At the core if the roots are the ______ and _____, surrounded by other cells.

Answer 23

xylem and phloem

Question 24

most water uptake happens at the tip of the root by..

Answer 24

osmosis

Question 25

Roots contain _______ which increase the surface area of roots to maximize water and mineral absorption from surrounding soil.

Answer 25

root hairs

Question 26

minerals enter the roots by...

Answer 26

active transport (uses energy)

Question 27

what is cohesion?

Answer 27

the tendency of water molecules to stick to other water molecules.

Question 28

Cohesion transmits the ___________ from the tip of the leaves all the way to the roots

Answer 28

upwards pull

Question 29

What is adhesion?

Answer 29

the tendency of water molecules to stick to other surfaces

Question 30

Water is ______ to the wall of the xylem vessel. The clinging of xylem sap to the xylem walls helps to prevent the sap from falling back down to the roots

Answer 30

attracted to the wall

Question 31

Water can move upward against gravity over a long distance by 2 main mechanisms: ..

Answer 31

pushing and pulling

Question 32

The pushing force that pushes fluid upward is turgor pressure also called..

Answer 32

root pressure

Question 33

adhesion/cohesion of the xylem sap to the xylem vessels walls helps the fluid climb upwards

Answer 33

adhesion

Question 34

The pulling force is called..

Answer 34

transpiration

Question 35

Transpiration As water vapour exits the leaf by evaporation , COHESIVE forces between water molecules cause more water to be pulled UP the xylem vessels in the leaf, _________ the water that has been evaporated.

Answer 35

replacing

Question 36

Transpiration More water travels along the xylem vessels towards the _____ from the _____

Answer 36

leaf from the roots