biology semester 1 review

Question 1

The electrons in the outer energy level of an atom

Answer 1

Valence electrons

Question 2

The bond formed when atoms share electrons

Answer 2

Covalent bond

Question 3

Compounds that are ORGANIC contain this element

Answer 3

Carbon atoms

Question 4

The substances that enter INTO a chemical reaction– written on the left side of a chem. equation

Answer 4

Reactants

Question 5

The substances that come OUT of a chemical reaction– written on the right side of an equation

Answer 5

Products

Question 6

A cell such as bacteria, that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Answer 6

Prokaryotes

Question 7

A cell like a plant, animal, protist, or fungi that contains a nucleus and organelles

Answer 7

Eukaryotes

Question 8

The smallest level of organization in living things. The basic unit of all living things

Answer 8

Cell

Question 9

Describes an organism with two different alleles

Answer 9

Heterozygous

Question 10

Adenosine triphosphate, the energy form of the cell

Answer 10

ATP

Question 11

Light absorbing molecules– like chlorophyll

Answer 11

Pigment

Question 12

Monomers of proteins

Answer 12

Amino acids

Question 13

Monomer of nucleic acids

Answer 13

Nucleotides

Question 14

Stack of thylakoid

Answer 14

Grana

Question 15

The splitting of a glucose molecule

Answer 15

Glycolysis

Question 16

Situation in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene

Answer 16

Incomplete dominance

Question 17

The different forms of a gene

Answer 17

Alleles

Question 18

Letter used to represent the haploid number of chromosomes

Answer 18

“N”

Question 19

Containing two complete sets of chromosomes– one from each parents

Answer 19

Diploid

Question 20

Gametes are produced by this process

Answer 20

Meiosis

Question 21

The organelle where photosynthesis occurs

Answer 21

Chloroplast

Question 22

The organelle where cellular respiration occurs

Answer 22

Mitochondria

Question 23

Movement of material from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Answer 23

Diffusion

Question 24

Transport that doesn’t require an input of energy

Answer 24

Passive transport

Question 25

Diffusion of water

Answer 25

Osmosis

Question 26

Movement of material against a concentration gradient (area of low concentration to an area of high)

Answer 26

Active transport

Question 27

Organism that makes its own food

Answer 27

Autotroph

Question 28

Organism that must obtain its energy from external sources

Answer 28

Heterotroph