Biology Theory

Question 1

What does the biology theory represent? (time wise)

Answer 1

an important shift from mythical/mysticism to observable biological structures in the body

Question 2

What is survival value?

Answer 2

that which is adaptive (has survival value) gets written into our genetic blueprint

Question 3

What is considered the “second brain”?

Answer 3

stomach/gut

Question 4

What are the four 4’s of survival?

Answer 4

feeding, fighting, fleeing, fornification

Question 5

Evolutionary psychology

Answer 5

focuses on how universal patterns of behavior and cognitive processes have evolved over time

Question 6

Behavioral genetics

Answer 6

studies how individual differences arise, in the present, through the interaction of genes and the environment.

Question 7

Genetic Diversity

Answer 7

through random mutations; allow for variation in adaptability and reproduction of adaptive traits

Question 8

Range of Reaction

Answer 8

is a concept in psychology, genetic, and related fields that the expressed characteristics (phenotypes) of an organism depend both on genetic characteristics (genotype) and the enviroment

Question 9

Genetic Environmental Correlation

Answer 9

genes and environment influence each other bidirectionally (NBA child example)

Question 10

Epigenetics

Answer 10

study of how same genotype can be expressed in different ways (identical twins, cancer)

Question 11

Gene-Environment Interactions

Answer 11

are associated not only with physical characteristics but also with behavioral characteristics, temperament and a range of psychological disorders (schizophrenia)

Question 12

Psychotropic Medications

Answer 12

are drugs that treat psychiatric symptoms by restoring neurotransmitter balance

Question 13

Agonists

Answer 13

mimic a neurotransmitter at a receptor site and strengthen its effects- drugs for Parkinsons use dopamine agonists to increase levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine

Question 14

Antagonists

Answer 14

block or impede normal activity of a neurotransmitter at receptor site- drugs for schizophrenia are antagonists for dopamine

Question 15

Reuptake Inhibitors

Answer 15

prevent unused neurotransmitters from being transported back to the neuron. This leaves neurotransmitters in the synapse longer, increasing their effects

Question 16

What makes up the central nervous system (CNS)?

Answer 16

brain and spinal cord

Question 17

What makes up the peripheral nervous system and what does it do?

Answer 17

connects the CNS with the rest of the body; costs of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

Question 18

What are hormones?

Answer 18

part of the endocrine system; chemical messengers that must bind to a receptor in order to send their signal and can be secreted in the bloodstream and sent throughout the whole body