Biology Unit 11: The Invertebrates of Kingdom Animalia

Question 1

Invertebrates

Answer 1

Animals that lack a backbone

Question 2

Vertebrates

Answer 2

Animals that possess a backbone

Question 3

Spherical symmetry

Answer 3

An organism possesses spherical symmetry if it can be cut int two identical halves by any cut that runs through the organism’s center.

Question 4

Radial symmetry

Answer 4

An organism possesses radial symmetry if it can be cut into two identical halves by any longitudinal cut through its center.

Question 5

Bilateral symmetry

Answer 5

An organism possesses bilateral symmetry if it can only be cut into two identical halves by a single longitudinal cut along its center which divides it into right and left halves.

Question 6

Epithelium

Answer 6

Animal tissue consisting of one or more layers of cell that have only one free surface, because the other surface adheres to a membrane or other substance

Question 7

Mesenchyme

Answer 7

The jellylike substance separates the epidermis from the inner cells in a sponge

Question 8

Ganglia

Answer 8

(singular: ganglion) Masses of nerve cell bodies

Question 9

Amoebocytes

Answer 9

Cells that move using pseudopods and perform different functions in different animals

Question 10

Bivalve

Answer 10

An organism with two shells

Question 11

Polyp

Answer 11

The sessile, tubular form of a cnidarian with a mouth and tentacles at one end and a basal disk at the other

Question 12

Mesoglea

Answer 12

The jelly-like substance that separates the epithelial cells in a cnidarian

Question 13

Nematocysts

Answer 13

Small capsules that contain a toxin which is injected into prey or predators

Question 14

Testes

Answer 14

Organs that produce sperm

Question 15

Ovaries

Answer 15

Organs that produce eggs

Question 16

Anterior end

Answer 16

The end of an animal that contains its head

Question 17

Posterior end

Answer 17

The end of an animal that contains its tail

Question 18

Nervous system

Answer 18

A system of sensitive cells that respond to stimuli such as sound, touch, and taste

Question 19

Hermaphroditic

Answer 19

Possessing both the male and the female reproductive organs

Question 20

Regeneration

Answer 20

The ability to regrow a missing part of the body

Question 21

Mantle

Answer 21

A sheath of tissue that encloses the vital organs of a mollusk, makes the mollusk’s shell, and performs respiration

Question 22

Shell

Answer 22

A tough, multilayered structure secreted by the mantle, generally used for protection, but sometimes for body support

Question 23

Visceral hump

Answer 23

A hump that contains a mollusk’s heart, digestive, and excretory organs

Question 24

Radula

Answer 24

An organ covered with teeth that mollusks use to scrape food into their mouths

Question 25

Univalve

Answer 25

An organism with a single shell