Biology YR7 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the seven life processes?
- Movement
- Reproduction
- Sensitivity
- Growth
- Respiration
- Excretion
- Nutrition
These processes define living organisms and their functions.
Define ‘Cell’.
The basic unit of life.
Cells are the fundamental building blocks of all living organisms.
What type of cell belongs to animals?
Animal cell.
Animal cells have distinct characteristics compared to plant cells.
What type of cell belongs to plants?
Plant cell.
Plant cells have unique features such as chloroplasts and cell walls.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
A partially permeable barrier that surrounds the cell and controls what can pass in and out of it.
The cell membrane is crucial for maintaining homeostasis within the cell.
What does the nucleus contain?
The cell’s DNA.
DNA in the nucleus controls the cell’s activities and contains genetic information.
What is chloroplast responsible for?
Photosynthesis (in plant cells only).
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which captures light energy for photosynthesis.
What is starch?
An energy storage molecule in plants (in plant cells only).
Starch serves as a reserve of energy for plants.
Fill in the blank: ______ is a chemical reaction in all living cells releasing energy.
Respiration.
Respiration is essential for energy production in living organisms.
True or False: Excretion is the process of absorbing nutrients.
False.
Excretion refers to the removal of waste from the body, not nutrient absorption.
What is sensitivity in the context of living organisms?
The way organisms respond to their environment.
Sensitivity allows organisms to react to changes in their surroundings.
Define ‘Growth’ in biological terms.
The increase in size and mass of a living thing.
Growth is a key characteristic of living organisms throughout their life cycle.
What is the primary purpose of nutrition in living organisms?
The process of absorbing nutrients and using them for energy.
Nutrition is vital for maintaining health and supporting life processes.
What is the function of ribosomes?
Make proteins
Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis in cells.
What do mitochondria release?
Energy
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
Define multicellular organism.
An organism made up of more than one cell
Examples include humans, plants, and animals.
Define unicellular organism.
An organism made up of only one cell
Examples include bacteria and yeast.
What is specialisation in cellular biology?
The process by which cells develop specific structures and functions to perform a special job
Specialisation allows cells to become more efficient at their roles.
What is the function of ciliated epithelial cells?
Trap dust, microorganisms, and waste
Ciliated epithelial cells are found in the respiratory tract.
What do muscle cells do?
Use energy to contract, can move bones and pump the heart
Muscle cells are specialized for movement and contraction.
What are sperm cells?
Male sex cells that fuse with an egg during fertilisation
Sperm cells are essential for reproduction in sexually reproducing organisms.
What is an egg cell also known as?
Ovum
The egg cell is the female sex cell that fuses with sperm during fertilisation.
What are neurons?
Specialized cells that transmit nerve impulses
Neurons play a critical role in the nervous system by facilitating communication within the body.
What are palisade cells?
Plant cells that perform photosynthesis in the leaves of most green plants
Palisade cells are typically located beneath the upper epidermis of leaves and contain chloroplasts.
