Biomechanical FOR 3 Flashcards
(37 cards)
How to assess muscle strength
MMT
Interventions to increase muscle strength
Resistance
contraction
speed of movement
Pure Exercise versus purposeful activity
To increase strength using amount of resistance what repetitions do you use
None to repetition maximum
repetition maximum is the most one can lift before fatigue sets in
What is Ultimate goal of a strengthening program
To approach failure to lift; not a sign of failure but rather a sign of success
What are strengthened when Max lift occurs
Motor units
What are clinical signs of failure to lift
Mild shaking of extremity difficulty completing full movement grimacing grunting sweating substitution
What Does concentric contraction increase
Concentric and eccentric strength not isometric
What does eccentric contraction increase
Eccentric strength
What pace of movement is best and safer for building muscle strength
Slow eccentric and concentric contraction
* substitutions occur more with fast contractions. fast eccentric contractions produce more force than slow (not always appropriate patients with new grafted skin burns or arthritis)
What is pure exercise
For people with trace muscle strength (grade 1) or above average strength needed
Who is purposeful activity for
Poor to fair range strength
- can use gravity eliminated activities
- use orthoses (deltoid aid)
When is purposeful activity more practical to use
When muscle grade is a 2 to 3 and up
What is a deltoid aid
Assists in reaching activities, muscle reeducation, and motor control. Passive support for typing and eating
Interventions activities to do with muscle grade 0 to : isometric
Passive range of motion
biofeedback-helpgain visual control to produce muscle contraction that they would see on the screen
vibration
Interventions or Activities to use with muscle grade 2- or 2: gravity eliminated without resistance
AAROM
towel-horizontal
skateboard
deltoid aid
Activities or interventions to use with muscle grade 2+ (with support) or 3
AROM with minimal resistance as tolerated to increase strength shoulder wheel
Finger walk
Purposeful activity
bilateral sander (horizontal easier)
Activities or interventions to use with muscle grades 3+, 4-,4: active resistance
Patient actively performs exercise and therapist resists movt they are performing bilateral sander with weights theraputty theraband handweights progressive resistive exercise
What is progressive resistive exercise
Higher intensity using increased weights or increasing number of repetitions
What is Endurance
The ability of a muscle to sustain activity and resist fatigue
What is a metabolic equivalent unit (MET)
amount of energy it takes to sustain metabolic processes at rest (respiration digestion temperature etc.)
used to gauge if patient is ready for certain activity
What do METs assist in
Establishing a starting point for treatment
sequencing the level of metabolic demands made by different activities
What is anaerobic metabolism
Inadequate amounts of oxygen to the muscle
example: walk fast you get short of oxygen burst of energy
avoid fast activity
Neuro impaired muscles have what
Fewer muscles available to do the activity
lead to overworked muscles and quicker fatigue
What does not necessarily work to increase endurance
Strengthening program
