Biomechanical movement

Question 1

What is newtons first law of motion called?

Answer 1

The law of inertia

Question 2

What is the law of inertia?

Answer 2

A force is required to change the state of motion.
e.g. if an object is at rest it will remain still

Question 3

What is inertia?

Answer 3

The resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion

Question 4

What is newtons second law of motion called?

Answer 4

The law of acceleration

Question 5

What is the law of acceleration?

Answer 5

The magnitude and direction of the force determines the magnitude and direction of the acceleration

Question 6

What is newtons third law of motion called?

Answer 6

The law of action/ reaction

Question 7

What is the law of action/ reaction?

Answer 7

For every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force)

Question 8

What is the ground reaction force?

Answer 8

The equal and opposite force exerted on a performer who applies a muscular force on the ground

Question 9

Speed calculation:

Answer 9

distance covered (m) / time taken (s)

Question 10

What is the centre of mass?

Answer 10

The point of balance

Question 11

What factors affect stability?

Answer 11

The height of the centre of mass, position of the line of gravity, area of the support base, mass of the performer

Question 12

What is the line of gravity?

Answer 12

The line extending downwards from the centre of mass

Question 13

What are the three main components of a lever?

Answer 13

Fulcrum, resistance, effort

Question 14

What is a first class lever?

Answer 14

The fulcrum lies between the effort and resistance

Question 15

What is an example of a first class lever?

Answer 15

Head and neck during flexion and extension, and the elbow during extension

Question 16

What is a second class lever?

Answer 16

The resistance is between the fulcrum and effort

Question 17

What is an example of a second class lever?

Answer 17

Plantarflexion of the ankle

Question 18

What is a third class lever?

Answer 18

The effort is between the fulcrum and resistance

Question 19

What is an example of a third class lever?

Answer 19

Knee during flexion and extension, and the elbow during flexion

Question 20

What is mechanical advantage?

Answer 20

When the force/ effort arm is longer than the resistance arm
The lever system can move a large load, however it has a small ROM and is difficult to generate speed and distance

Question 21

What is mechanical disadvantage?

Answer 21

When the resistance arm is longer than the force/ effort arm
The lever system cannot move as heavy a load but can do it faster. It also has a large ROM

Question 22

What class of lever has a mechanical advantage?

Answer 22

Second class levers

Question 23

What class of lever has a mechanical disadvantage?

Answer 23

Third class levers

Question 24

What is a scalar quantity with examples?

Answer 24

When measurements are only described in terms of magnitude
e.g. mass, distance, speed

Question 25

What is a vector quantity with examples?

Answer 25

When measurements are described in terms of magnitude and direction e.g. weight, acceleration, displacement, velocity, momentum

Question 26

Definition of mass:

Answer 26

The quantity of matter the body possesses

Question 27

Definition of weight:

Answer 27

The gravitational force exerted on an object

Question 28

Definition of displacement:

Answer 28

The shortest route in a straight line between the starting and finishing positions

Question 29

Definition of distance:

Answer 29

The path a body takes as it moves from the starting to finishing position

Question 30

Definition of speed:

Answer 30

The bodys movement per unit of time with no reference to direction