Biomechanics

Question 1

Biomechanics

Answer 1

How internal/external forces affect the human body and performance

Question 2

Kinetics

Answer 2

Muscles pulling on bones, bone on bone, inside joints (internal forces)

Question 3

Kinematics

Answer 3

Time, displacement, velocity, acceleration

Question 4

3 models of human motion

Answer 4

Particle model, stick figure, rigid body segment

Question 5

Particle model

Answer 5

Dot represents centre of mass, used when body/object is airborne

Question 6

Stick figure model

Answer 6

Body segments are “sticks”, used when the body is in contact with other objects (used to describe gross motor skills in 2D)

Question 7

Rigid body segment

Answer 7

Each body segment is represented as an irregularly shaped 3D volume (used for computer analysis)

Question 8

Newton’s first law

Answer 8

Every body remains in a state of rest or uniform motion unless it’s acted on by an external unbalanced force

Question 9

Newton’s second law

Answer 9

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass

Question 10

Newton’s third law

Answer 10

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 11

Stability (1)

Answer 11

Lower the centre of gravity (larger base of support). The closer the centre of mass to the midline of the base of support, greater mass, stability increases

Question 12

Maximum effort (2)

Answer 12

The production of maximum force requires the use of all possible joint movement that contributes to the tasks objective

Question 13

Maximum velocity (3)

Answer 13

The production of maximum velocity requires the use of joints in order (largest-smallest)

Question 14

Linear motion (4)

Answer 14

The greater the applied impulse, the greater the increase in velocity

Question 15

Linear motion (5)

Answer 15

Movement usually occurs in the direction opposite of the applied force

Question 16

Angular motion(6)

Answer 16

Is produced by the application of force, acting at some distance from the axis (torque)

Question 17

Angular momentum (7)

Answer 17

Is constant when an athlete/object is free in the air. It’s ken component is that one they are airborne, they will travel with constant angular momentum

Question 18

Class 1 lever

Answer 18

Fulcrum (axis) is located between the force (effort) and the resistance (load)

Question 19

2nd class lever

Answer 19

Resistance (load) is between the force (effort) and fulcrum

Question 20

Class 3 lever

Answer 20

The force (effort) is between the fulcrum and the resistance (load)

Question 21

Qualitative

Answer 21

What you see(visual)

Question 22

Quantitative

Answer 22

Is with numbers

Question 23

4 phases of skill analysis

Answer 23

Preliminary
Force production
Critical instant
Post critical

Question 24

Preliminary

Answer 24

Preparing positions

Question 25

Force production

Answer 25

Movement before action

Question 26

Critical instant

Answer 26

Movement itself

Question 27

Post critical

Answer 27

Resting position/finished

Question 28

3 components of Human growth and development

Answer 28

Growth, maturation, motor development

Question 29

Growth

Answer 29

A measurable change in the size, quantity, or functioning of the body/some part of the body

Question 30

Maturation

Answer 30

The extent of a particular underlying characteristic resembles a mature biological state

Question 31

Motor development

Answer 31

The study of how movement/behaviour changes over time bc of influences from ones biological system/environment

Question 32

What are the 4 areas of human development

Answer 32

Physical, cognitive, social, motor/skills development

Question 33

Physical development

Answer 33

Maturity of the muscles, bones and energy systems

Question 34

Cognitive development

Answer 34

The ability to interpret and process info and knowledge

Question 35

Social development

Answer 35

Ability to create and sustain relationships with peers and adults

Question 36

Motor skills development

Answer 36

Movement, handling, and balancing skills