Biomechanics and movement Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is Movement, (definition)
Movement, or motion, is the state of changing something’s place, position or posture, in relation to the environment.
Principles of movement
does it look Smooth, effortless, is it effective, does it look disjointed?
What factors influence effect movement?
strength / endurance
posture/self carriage
Awareness (proprioception, interoception, kinasthesia)
Functional mobility
Recruitment pattern
Balance
Neuromuscular responses
Kinematic sequencing, timing and co-ordination
Dissociation
Flexibility
Confidence, beliefs, attitudes, intention, motivation
What effect does poor posture have on movement?
Doesn’t enable as much:
smooth movement,
Range of movement
What effect does proprioception have on movement?
Need to be aware of what our body is doing to move effectively at any one time
What effect does functional ability have on movement?
enables us to carry out tasks that we want to or need to do
What effect does recruitment pattern have on movement?
Important muscles are recruiting at the right time. (post-injury muscles can be sluggish)
What effect does balance have on movement?
Be able to keep balance in various positions
What effect do neuromuscular responses have on movement?
They need to be working well to enable movement
What effect do kinematic sequencing, timing, coordination have on movement?
Enables us to move fluidly and be coordinated when we move
What effect does dissociation have on movement?
The ability for joints to be working independently - e.g. being able to move one body part without another moving.
What effect does flexibility have on movement?
gives us range within the joint, and also muscle to allow for effective/efficient movement.
What effect does confidence, beliefs, attitude, intention and motivation have on movement?
belief that they can get back to do that movement if you think you can you will!
What effect do strength and endurance have on movement?
The ability to perform the movement and thus repeat it if necessary.
Why is movement analysis important as a physio?
Alerts you to painful structures (e.g observing a limp)
Identifies faulty structures (e.g as a patient goes down into a squat one heel lifts off the ground which can indicate stiffness in the ankle)
reduces stress on the body and possible injury (can prevent future problems - research has shown that improved general strength can help with efficiency)
Improve movement efficiency (
Helps patients function / improve performance
How is biomechanics defined?
the study of the structure and fuction of biological systems by the application of (Newtonian) mechanics.
What is kinematics?
Description of motion
What is Kinetics
Description of motion consideration of force as the cause of motion.
What is Newtons law of inertia
An object will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
the reluctance to change what it is doing.
E.G if a football is rolling, it will keep rolling unless something stops it… if a ball is at rest it will stay at rest until a force moves it.
2 newtons law of acceleration
The acceleration of an objet is directly proportional to the force action on it and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
As the force acting on the object increases, the acceleration of the object also increases (hitting a hockey ball with hockeystick)
As the mass of the object increases the acceleration decreases.
Sprinter with a large muscle mass - generate more force from their muscles but the need to generate more force to move the mass.
- Newtons law of action and reaction
To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction ;
eg. when walking your body pushes ono the ground as you move and then the ground pushes back through your foot.
What is force?
An influence that changes the state of rest or motion of a body of object.
Force is a concept
usually the result of an action.
A body’s state of being is either at rest or in motion and can be changed by another body - normally a pulling or pushing action.
What is force influenced by?
Magnitude
direction
point of application
F = mass x acceleration
What is a force system?
When there are more than one force occurring or being applied (eg. tug of war)
