Biomes Flashcards
(39 cards)
What are the different types of Biomes
Coniferous Forests Decidous Forests Tundra Grasslands Desert Tropical
Temperature of Coniferous Forest
-40 degrees to 20 degrees
10 degrees average summer
Precipitation in Coniferous Forest
300-900mm rain per year
Main Vegetation in Coniferous Forest
coniferous, evergreen trees
Location of Coniferous Forest
Canada, Europe, Asia, and the United States
Plant Adaptations in Coniferous Forest
Coniferous forests consist mostly of conifers, trees that grow needles instead of leaves, and cones instead of flowers. Conifers tend to be evergreen, that is, they bear needles all year long. These adaptations help conifers survive in areas that are very cold or dry. Some of the more common conifers are spruces, pines, and firs.
Animal Adaptations in Coniferous Forest
Camoflauge and Colour Change.Snowshoe hares prefer to live in dense coniferous forests, and these mammals have developed a unique adaptation: the changing of their fur color from season to season. During the warmer months, snowshoe hares have brown fur that camouflages them within the dead leaves and branches of the forest floor.
Human Impact of Coniferous Forest
Hunting, Deforestation, Pollution, Building Roads
Temperature of Grassland
Summer temperatures= 37 degrees Celsius
Winter Temperatures= -40 degrees Celsius
Precipitation in Grassland
250- 880mm
Dominant Vegetation in Grassland
Grasses
Location of Grasslands
North America, Ukraine, Russia, Argentina, Uruguay
Plant Adaptations in Grassland
Many animals munch on these grasses, but they survive because the growth point on the grasses is very close to the ground. Also, with underground stems and buds, grasses are not easily destroyed by fire.
Animal Adaptations in Grassland
Their long legs help them run fast to escape grassland predators. The temperate grassland does not have much animal diversity, especially compared to the Savannah. Some animals that inhabit temperate grasslands in North America are bison, antelope, birds, gophers, prairie dogs, coyotes, and insects
Human Impacts Grassland
One of the main environmental concerns regarding temperate grasslands is the conversion of grassland to farmland.
Climate of Arctic Tundra
Cold and dry
-51-10 degrees
Human Impact on Arctic Tundra
- hunting
- global warming
- oil drilling
- overdevelopment
- pollution
Plant Adaptations Arctic Tundra
small to absorb heat from soil plants grow in clumps hairs on leaves trap heat and act as protection cup shaped flowers move with the sun soil not needed for growth
Animal Adaptations Arctic Tundra
Animals have many adaptations to survive in this harsh environment. Animals need shelter and insulation in the Tundra. The animals here tend to have thicker and warmer feathers and fur. Many of them have larger bodies and shorter arms, legs and tails which helps them retain their heat better and prevent heat loss.
Temperature of Deciduous Forest
10 degrees C.
Rainfall of Deciduous Forest
762mm – 1524mm a year.
Dominant Vegetation in Deciduous
Most have three levels of plants. Lichen, moss, ferns, wildflowers and other small plants can be found on the forest floor. Shrubs fill in the middle level and hardwood trees like maple, oak, birch, magnolia, sweet gum and beech make up the third level.
Plant Adaptations in Deciduous Forest
They produce large thin leaves that easily captures sunlight for photosynthesis. When it’s cold they expose too much surface area, they lose water. Trees cuts off the water supply to the leaves, seals area between the stem and the tree trunk, stops the plant from producing chlorophyll therefore leaves change colour. The trees also have very thick bark to protect from the cold winters.
Animal Adaptations in Deciduous Forest
In the deciduous forest, many animals have developed behavioural adaptations such as hibernation and migration. In the winter, birds migrate to warmer Animals such as bears hibernate through the winter. Food storage is an adaptation used by squirrels and chipmunks.
