biomes week 8

Question 1

what is a biome?

Answer 1

a large stable, terrestrial or aquatic ecosystem classified according to the predominant vegetation type and the adaptations of organisms to that environment

Question 2

what is a population

Answer 2

member of the same species occupying the same area

Question 3

what is a community

Answer 3

different populations int he same area

Question 4

what is a n ecosystem

Answer 4

a self sustaining association of living plants and animals and the abiotic physical environment.

Question 4

what is the most widely used climatic classification system

Answer 4

Koppen system based on temperature data and precipitation data

Question 5

is climate and biomes the same?

Answer 5

no

Question 6

what are the 5 major climatic groups according to the koppen system

Answer 6

tropical
dry
temperate
cold
polar

Question 7

what 3 main factors apart from climate determine different biomes?

Answer 7

topographic- how the land is oriented
edaphic- soil texture, acidity, organic content etc
biotic- plants, wateer and root space, animals

Question 8

how are biomes usually named

Answer 8

based on the dominant type of vegetation found there

Question 9

what is a common factor between going north latitudinally and increasing in altidue?

Answer 9

get colder

Question 10

how many biomes are common to most classification systems

Answer 10

10

Question 11

name the 10 biomes from the equator going up

Answer 11

tropical rainforest
tropical seasonal rainforest
tropical grassland/ savanna
deciduous forests/ temperate forest
coniferous forests/taiga/ boreal forests
Mediterranean shrubland
Prairies/ midlatitiude grasslands
desert
Arctic or alpine tundra
temperate rainforest

Question 12

what is the temp, rainfall and how much species diversity does the tropical rainforest have

Answer 12

temps- 25
2000-4000mm rainfall per annum
50%of earth species
covers7%of earths surface
no dry season

Question 13

name the layers inthe tropical rainforest

Answer 13

forest floor
shrub layer
understory canopy
upper canopy 20-30m
emergent layer up to50m

Question 14

what does deciduous mean

Answer 14

seasonal trees shed and regrow leaves throughout the year

Question 15

what latitudes would the tropical deciduos rainforest be located between

Answer 15

10 and 25 n or south

Question 16

what may happen to evergreen trees in the trpoical deciduous zone

Answer 16

they may bcoem deciduous

Question 17

some characteristics of the trpocial deciduous rainforest

Answer 17

-also known as monsoon forests
-shed leaves during summer
- 70-200cm rainfall annually
- conopy 20-30 m high
-denser undergrowth
wet and dry season

Question 18

another name fort he tropical dry forest

Answer 18

savanna

Question 19

name the
seasons
soil compositon
tree types
and where the largest area of savanna can be found

Answer 19

-distinct wet and dry season
- low permeable soil
grass and drought resistant trees
largest area south of the sahara

Question 20

name the
latitudes
vegetation
of the mediterrainian

Answer 20

locates 30-40 degrees n or s
hot summer cool winter
vegetation- woody shrubs and grassy woodlands (chaparral or garrigue

Question 21

Mid-latitude deciduous or

Answer 21

temperate forest

Question 22

where is the temperate deciduous forest located
how much rainfall
what type of vegetation does it have

Answer 22

40-60 degrees north
warm to hot summer cool to cold winter
650-30000mm rainfall
dense growth of tall broadleaf trees

Question 23

mid latitude grasslands
what kind of vegetation
wildlife

Answer 23

grass plant
grazing animals deer andbison

Question 24

what biome is most modified by human activity

Answer 24

midlatitdue grassland

Question 25

taiga or

Answer 25

boreal or coniferous forest

Question 26

where is the boreal forest located latitudinally what is the temperature like what is the human to wildlife ratio

Answer 26

located above 60 degrees north summer greater than 20 winter less than -10 high animal to human ratio 11% of earth land bogs and swamps due to permafrost and past glaciers

Question 27

where is the arctic or alpine tundra located what kind of vegetation and animal

Answer 27

north of the arctic circle 10 degrees in warmer months essentially a cold desert (no trees but low shrubs grasses and mosses) musk caribou reindeer an rabbits

Question 28

how much rainfall does the desert receive?

Answer 28

less than 250mm

Question 29

what is the temperature of the desert

Answer 29

50 to 10 degrees c

Question 30

an example of a cold desert is

Answer 30

gobi desert

Question 31

what is xerophyte plants

Answer 31

plants adapted to dry conditions whith mechanisms that prevent water loss

Question 32

ephermeral plants

Answer 32

shprt lived plants that take advantage of the short rainy season

Question 33

list some characteristics of animals living in cold climates

Answer 33

thick oily fur coats blubber lighter fur colour smaller ears large furry feet longer snout round body

Question 34

animal adaptatons to the desert climate

Answer 34

large thin ears little body fat thin silky fur long limbs elongated body shape

Question 35

how does surface area and volume ratio affect animals living in different climates

Answer 35

animals can have the same volume but different surfaceareas. thsoe w the same volume ratio and higher surface area tend to be found in hotter climates while those with smaller surface areas tend to be in colder climates