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Biomolecules Flashcards

any of numerous substances that are produced by cells and living organism

1
Q

Any numerous substances that are produced by cells and living organism

A

Biomolecules

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2
Q

Four Major Types of Biomolecules

A

-Carbohydrates
-lipids
-Protein
-Nucleic Acid

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3
Q

Carbohydrates contain of what?

A

-Carbon
-Hydrogen
-Oxygen

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4
Q

The Building Blocks a single sugar called

A

Monosaccharide

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5
Q

where they found the monosaccharide

A

-Grains
-Vegetable
-Fruits
-Milk
-Or other Dairy Products

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6
Q

The Extra amount of energy or sugar is stored in our

A

Muscle and liver

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7
Q

Carbohydrate derived from french term

A

Hydrate de Carbond means Hydrate of Carbon

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8
Q

From the prefix “mono-“, which means one, it has only one molecule and its a carbohydrate containing one sugar molecule

A

Monosaccharide

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9
Q

Example of Monosaccharide

A

-Glucose
-Fructose
-Galactose

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10
Q

From the prefix “di-“, which means two, it has two molecules, its a carbohydrate containing two sugar molecules

A

Disaccharide

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11
Q

It is formed when two monosaccharide are combined

A

Disaccharide

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12
Q

Example of Dissacharide

A

-Sucrose (Table sugar) -Glucose and Fructose
-Lactose(MIlk Sugar) -Galactose and Glucose
-Maltose (Malt Sugar) -Glucose and Glucose

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13
Q

A reaction in which two monosaccharides combine to from a Dissacharide. During the reaction one molecule of water is lost

A

Condensation Reaction

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14
Q

When the bond between monosaccharides is broken with the addition of a water molecule

A

Hydrolysis Reaction

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15
Q

From the prefix “poly” which means many, it has 2 or more molecules. It is a carbohydrate containing two or more sugar molecules.

A

Polysaccharide

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16
Q

Example of Polysaccharide

A

-Starch
-Glycogen
-Cellulose

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16
Q

The building block of lipids is the _____, which is a chain of carbons with hydrogen attached to each side.

A

fatty acid

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17
Q

Have the “Job” of storing Energy for later use and which forms the framework for the structure and function of living cells

A

Lipids

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18
Q

What are the organic compound in Lipids

A

-Hydrogen
-Carbon
-Oxygen Atoms

19
Q

What are the 4 Types of Lipids

A

-Triglycerides
-Phospolipids
-Steriods
-Waxes

20
Q

Lipids are _____ which means they are insoluble in water.

A

Hydrophobic

21
Q

A solid at room temperature and contain saturated fatty acids

A

Fats

22
Q

Example of Fats

A

-Lard
-Butter

23
Q

A liquid at room temperature and contain unsaturated fatty acid

A

Oils

23
Q

Example of Oils

A

-Vegetable oil,
-Com oil
-Olive oil

24
Q

A type of lipid molecule that is the main component of the cell membrane and made up of two fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a glycerol molecule.

A

Phospolipids

25
Q

Proteins are made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur.

A

Protein

25
Q

Are lipids that are harder and less greasy compared to fats.

A

Waxes

26
Q

A steroid and is one of the most plentiful lipids in our body. Other steroids act as a HORMONE like the testosterone, progesterone, and estrogen.

A

CHOLESTEROL

27
Q

Proteins are made of amino acids combined through a dehydration link called

A

peptide bond

27
Q

Example of Waxes

A

-Beeswax
-Cuticle of leaves of plants
-waxes in animals (skin ,hair, and feathers)

28
Q

Proteins are organic molecules that form muscles, transport 02 (hemoglobin), and act as _______ and ______

A

hormones and enzymes

29
Q

Refer to the genetic material found in the cell that carries all the hereditary information from parents to progeny

A

Nucleic Acid

30
Q

2 Types of Nucleic Acid

A

-Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
-Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

31
Q

The main function of nucleic acid is the transfer of genetic information and synthesis of proteins by processes known as

A

Translation and Transcription.

32
Q

The monomer of nucleic acids

A

Nucleotide

33
Q

What are the 3 Parts of Nucleotides

A

-A five-carbon sugar
-A phosphate group
-A nitrogen base

34
Q

It contains the genetic instruction used in the development and functioning of all living organisms

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

35
Q

It is responsible for the template in the synthesis of proteins which in turn control the operation & function of the cell

A

Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

36
Q

Long-term storage and transmission of genetic information

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

37
Q

Transfer the genetic information for the creation of proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes

A

Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

38
Q

Deoxyribose sugar

Phosphate backbone: Four Bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

39
Q

Ribose sugar

Phosphate backbone, Four Bases: adenine. guanine, cytosine, and uracil

A

Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

40
Q

A-T (Adenine-Thymine

G-C (Guanine-Cytosine)

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

41
Q

A-U (Adenine-Uracil)

G-C (Guanine-Cytosine)

A

Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

Biomolecules (1 decks)

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