biomolecules

Question 1

carbohydrates general formula

Answer 1

Cx(H2O)y (hydrate = water)

Question 2

carbohydrate groups

Answer 2

mono- di- polysaccharides

Question 3

monosaccharides types

Answer 3

triose 3C, pentose 5C, hexose 6C

Question 4

monosaccharides general formula

Answer 4

(CH2O)n

Question 5

disaccharides and polysaccharides made of:

Answer 5

monosaccharides linked together by glycosidic bonds, by condensation

Question 6

hexose formula

Answer 6

C6H12O6

Question 7

same molecule, different forms

Answer 7

isomers

Question 7

alpha-glucose

Answer 7

OH on C no. 1 below ring plane

Question 8

beta glucose

Answer 8

OH at C no. 1 above ring plane

Question 9

monosaccharides functions

Answer 9

1. source of energy : many C-H bonds which can be broken to release a lot of energy, which is transferred to help make ATP from ADP and phosphate. 2. building blocks for larger molecules

Question 10

sugars

Answer 10

mono and disaccharides only. polysaccharides are not sugars!

Question 11

maltose

Answer 11

alpha gl + alpha gl

Question 12

sucrose

Answer 12

alpha gl + beta fructose

Question 13

lactose

Answer 13

alpha gl + alpha/beta galactose

Question 14

sucrose functions

Answer 14

transport in plants, table sugar

Question 15

macromolecules

Answer 15

large molecule but not necessarily made of the same repeating subunit

Question 16

carbohydrates monomers and polymers

Answer 16

monosaccharides - polysaccharides

Question 17

proteins/polypeptides monomers

Answer 17

amino acids

Question 18

nucleic acids monomers

Answer 18

nucleotides

Question 19

nucleotides made of

Answer 19

nucleotides are monomers of nucleic acids. NOT polymers but made of: organic base, pentose sugar, phosphate group (NOT monomers)

Question 20

starch, glycogen, cellulose

Answer 20

polysaccharides, polymers of glucose

Question 21

storage polysaccharide in plants

Answer 21

starch

Question 22

storage polysaccharide in animals

Answer 22

glycogen

Question 23

starch made of

Answer 23

20% amylose, 80% amylopectin

Question 24

amylose

Answer 24

alpha gl molecules joined by 1,4 glycosidic bonds. long, unbranched chain. chains are curved and coil up into helical structures like springs (more compact). longer chains than in amylopectin.

Question 25

amylopectin

Answer 25

alpha gl molecules joined by 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds. shorter chains than in amylose. branched