Biomolecules Flashcards
(27 cards)
The elements with which carbon bonds to form life’s molecules…
Sulfur, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Phosphorus, Nitrogen
What are monomers?
are small molecules that link
together
What are Polymers?
are straight chains of monomers
linked together
What are the four major
groups of macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins.
Synthesis of polymer =
lost of water (dehydration)
Breakdown of polymer =
gain of water (hydrolysis)
the monomer and polymer in carbohydrates are called what?
monosaccharide and polysaccaride
the monomer and polymer in lipids are called what?
parts is glycerol and fatty acids and triglyceride
which kind of macromolecule forms unsaturated and saturated fats?
lipids
Why are lipids not considered polymers?
since fatty acids and glycerol are different they are not linked together in a chain
What makes up cell membranes?
phospholipids
Hormones are found in what macromolecule?
Lipids
When you put monomers together you get what?
polymers
Steroids are what type of macromolecule?
Lipids
What are saturated fats saturated with?
hydrogen
the monomer and polymer in proteins are called what?
amino acids and peptides or polypeptides
How many levels of structure are there in proteins and what are they called?
4 levels and they are primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary
How many amino acids are there?
20
What are the three subunits in proteins?
the carboxyl group, amino group, and r side chain
The primary level of protein is
a sequence of amino acids
The secondary level of protein is
folding portions of a chain making it into a coil
The territory level of protein is
a more complex 3D folding
The quaternary level of protein is
several polypeptide chains joining together to form functional units
the monomer and polymer in nucleic acids are
nucleotides and there is no polymer for nucleic acid
