Biomolecules

Question 1

The synthesis of macromolecules involves…

Answer 1

Forming covalent bonds between monomers

Question 2

Condensation reaction is

Answer 2

Removal of H2O

Question 3

Hydrolysis is…

Answer 3

Addition of H2O

Question 4

Used primarily as an energy source (glucose & polymers)

Answer 4

Carbohydrates

Question 5

Plants use as structural elements

Answer 5

Carbohydrate

Question 6

One monomer
Two monomer
Many monomer

Answer 6

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

Question 7

Triose sugar

Answer 7

3 Carbons

Question 8

5 carbons

Answer 8

Pentode

Question 9

He does

Answer 9

6 sugars

Question 10

How to sugars form a ring?

Answer 10

Carbon in aldehyde of ketone group
Covalent bond to
Oxygen in hydroxyl group

Question 11

Polysaccharide formed by chains of glucose molecule

Answer 11

Cellulose

Question 12

Lipids are….

Answer 12

Non-polar and hydrophobic

Question 13

Long chain of carbons attaches to a carboxyl group at one end

Answer 13

Fatty acid

Question 14

Used as an energy store, excludes H2O so can be packed in small volume

Answer 14

Triacylglycerols

Question 15

C-C

Answer 15

Saturated

Question 16

C=C

Answer 16

Unsaturated

Question 17

Only has van der waals to stabilise

Answer 17

Hydrocarbon chains

Question 18

What do unsaturated carbons cause?

Answer 18

Kinks

Reduces tightness between molecules= lower melting point

Question 19

Carbon-hydrogen bonds can be broken down to form?

Answer 19

ATP

Question 20

What is amphipatic?

Answer 20

Both hydrophobic&hydrophilic

Question 21

Steroid structure?

Answer 21

Four-fused carbon rings e.g cholesterol

Question 22

Protein structure?

Answer 22

Amino group
Alpha-carbon
Carboxyl group

Question 23

The R group is variable therefore…

Answer 23

Distinguishes each amino acid

Question 24

Monomer of protein

Answer 24

Amino acid

Question 25

When forming a peptide bond...

Answer 25

O2 release and 2 hydrogens = H2O

Question 26

Primary protein

Answer 26

Condensation of amino acids

Question 27

Secondary structure

Answer 27

A-helix and b-pleated sheet

Question 28

Nucleic acid function

Answer 28

Information storage Transfer molecules Energy transducers

Question 29

Nucleic acid structure

Answer 29

Nitrogenous base Phosphate group Pentose sugar

Question 30

tRNA function and structure

Answer 30

Clover leaf | Read nucleic acid message and translate them into proteins

Question 31

mRNA function

Answer 31

Transcription | DNA to mRNA

Question 32

Hydrophilic .... is ...... and ......

Answer 32

Head | Polar and water loving

Question 33

Hydrophobic ..... is ...... and .....

Answer 33

Nonpolar | Repels water