BIONICS

Question 1

Cochlear implants

Answer 1

Is an electronic device that replaces the function of the inner ear, they do the work of the damaged parts of the inner ear

Question 2

Parts of the heart

Answer 2

Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle 
Aorta
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava

Question 3

Arteries

Answer 3

Carry blood away from the heart and have thick walls

Carry blood containing oxygen and are under high pressure

Question 4

Veins

Answer 4

Carry blood to the heart and have thin walls they carry blood without oxygen and contain valves

Question 5

Capillaries

Answer 5

Have walls that are one cell thick and allow blood to get into tissues
They join arteries to veins

Question 6

Valves

Answer 6

They prevent the back flow of blood and separate different areas of the heart

Question 7

Atrioventricular valves

Answer 7

Mitral valve

Tricuspid valve

Question 8

Semilunar valves

Answer 8

Aortic valves

Pulmonary valves

Question 9

SA and VA nodes

Answer 9

Specialised tissues in the heart produce and electrical signal that caused the rhythmic contraction of the heart

Question 10

Arrhythmia

Answer 10

When the heart beats irregularly

It occurs when the condition of impulses from the SA node is impaired

Question 11

Pacemaker

Answer 11

Are used to treat arrhythmia
Consists of a pulse generator and a conducting wire
Can detect heartbeat rate and turns on when the heartbeat is to slow

Question 12

Mechanical valves

Answer 12

Are made of entirely artificial components such as pyrolytic Carbon
They are durable but can fail unexpectedly

Question 13

Bio Prosthetic valves

Answer 13

Are made from animal tissues

Are less likely to be rejected by the body and are less likely to form clots

Question 14

Biomaterial

Answer 14

Is a synthetic material that can replace living tissue

Question 15

Plaque

Answer 15

A build up of fats, cholesterol and many other substances

Question 16

Infraction (types)

Answer 16

Heart attack
Pulmonary embolism
Stroke

Question 17

Infraction

Answer 17

When plaque breaks off and block a smaller artery and stops oxygen from getting to an organ

Question 18

Angioplasty

Answer 18

The unblocking of blood vessels where a wire is fed through the artery and a balloon is inflated pushing the plaque against the vessel walls

Question 19

Function of the skeleton

Answer 19

Provides support and allows for upright stance
Protection of internal organs
Production of blood cells

Question 20

Compact bone

Answer 20

Provides protection and support and forms a hard thin layer over the spongy bone
It is dense and provides little shock absorption

Question 21

Spongy bone

Answer 21

Is proud and contains bone marrow, it is soft and provides shock absorption
It distributes energy transferred by compact bone

Question 22

Types of joints

Answer 22

Gliding joint
Hinge joint
Ball and socket joint
Pivot joint

Question 23

Gliding joint

Answer 23

Consists of multiple bones and allows for a large range of movements eg wrist

Question 24

Hinge joint

Answer 24

Allows for movement back and forth in one place and direction eg knee

Question 25

Ball and socket joint

Answer 25

Allows for a large degree of movement eg hip

Question 26

Pivot joint

Answer 26

Allows for rotation around a fixed point eg where the skull is attached to the spine

Question 27

Ligaments

Answer 27

Join one bone to another, stabilise joints and allow for movement in a particular direction

Question 28

Tendons

Answer 28

Connect muscle to bone, transmit forces between muscles and bones to allow movement

Question 29

Cartilage

Answer 29

Takes away friction and stops bones rubbing together

Question 30

Synovial fluid

Answer 30

Acts as a lubricant and reduces friction on joints

Question 31

Silicone

Answer 31

Is a polymer that contains the element silicone | Is used for contact lenses and joint replacement

Question 32

UHMWPE

Answer 32

Is a type of polymer commonly used in ball and socket joints

Question 33

Metal alloy

Answer 33

Is a mixture of metal with at least one other element

Question 34

Surgical implant types

Answer 34

Cemented implants | Un-cemented implants

Question 35

Cemented implants

Answer 35

Are screwed or pushed into the bone and held in place with an adhesive

Question 36

Un-cemented implants

Answer 36

Have a special chemical that promotes bone growth on the surface and the bone grows through a mesh holding the implant in place

Question 37

Respiratory system (parts)

Answer 37

``` Trachea Bronchi Bronchiole Alveoli Diaphragm Ribs ```

Question 38

Gas exchange

Answer 38

Takes place in the alveoli | There needs to be moisture to prevent gases for escaping

Question 39

Diffusion

Answer 39

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 40

DRSABCD

Answer 40

``` Danger Response Shout for help Airway Breathing Circulation Defibrillator ```

Question 41

Artificial Lung

Answer 41

Any external device that does the job of a persons lung

Question 42

Non-invasive diagnostic techniques

Answer 42

A technique in which the body is not invaded or cut open eg X-rays