biooo finallll ugh

Question 1

What are the differences between the “Cheesy Way to Measure Calories Lab” and cell respiration?

Answer 1

Lab (burning food) does not actually consume and break down food like cell respiration does, but instead burns. It takes place outside of a living organism and causes a chemical reaction to create energy w/o being a biological process in the body.

Question 2

Where does the matter and energy come from that originally makes the food (peanuts, etc.)?

Answer 2

CarbonDioxide !!!

Question 3

Why ATP?

Answer 3

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a manageable source of energy and powers many of our cellular processes

Question 4

How is ATP made?

Answer 4

Cellular Respiration & Light Reaction process during photosynthesis

Question 5

Why is the reaction “ADP + P → ATP” an energy requiring reaction?

Answer 5

The phosphates are negatively charged

Question 6

Why is the reaction ATP → ADP + P an energy releasing reaction?

Answer 6

The separation of two negatively charged phosphates releases energy

Question 7

Glycolysis occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration: T or F

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

Answer 8

C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O (+ ATP)

Question 9

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 9

6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2

Question 10

Glycolysis splits glucose into ..

Answer 10

PYRUVATE

Question 11

The 2 Pyruvate from Glycolysis are transferred..

Answer 11

Into the mitochondria using active transport

Question 12

When Pyruvate is in mitochondria, what happens to it?

Answer 12

It is oxidized and converted to 2 acetyl COA

Question 13

What leaves as Pyruvate converts to 2acetyl COA?

Answer 13

Carbon Dioxide (CO2), NADH is produced

Question 14

KREBS CYCLE!!! AHHH what happens?!?

Answer 14

COA is like bye gurl to Ms. Acetyl -> Ms. Acetyl (2c) moves on to Mr. Oxaloacetate (4c) -> leading them to SIT together and become #Citrate. BUT!!! 2 CO2 leave, converting #Citrate into only #Oxaloacetate. In this process of Mr. Oxaloacetate becoming single again, he lets out tears of Hydrogen ions, which 3NAD steal to become 3NADH and FAD to FADH. All his crying builds up to release ATP!! Then Mr. Ox goes back to find Ms. Acetyl (cycle repeats).

Question 15

Describe the process in the Electron transport chain

Answer 15

Electron carriers are filled with Electrons dropped off by NADH (which leaves as NAD), and FADH, (which leaves as FAD).

Hydrogen ions from NADH and FADH enter the inner mitochondria membrane, where it builds up to a super high concentration.

As the electron nears the end of the chain, oxygen accepts it with a hydrogen ion and becomes water (product).

Hydrogen ions release thru ATP synthase so fast that phosphates bond with ADP to create ATP (product).

Question 16

What are the NADHs and FADH2s for? - What do they do for the process of cell respiration?

Answer 16

Intermediate Energy Carriers (TAXXIIISSSS - cash cab #GETAWAY CAR), take hydrogen & electrons in Glycolysis and Kreb’s and transfers them so the energy can be used in ETC

Question 17

When is carbon dioxide released? Why?

Answer 17

It is released in the Link Reaction (glycolysis -> Krebs transition). Also is released in Krebs cycle (2CO2). This is why CO2 is a product of Cell Respiration and humans breathe it out

Question 18

How would Oxygen & Co2 levels change in a tank with more algae?

Answer 18

O2 levels INCREASE (due to respiration releasing oxy)
CO2 levels DECREASE (algae takes in more co2 when light is out.)

Question 19

More fish in a tank would affect oxygen and carbon dioxide levels by..

Answer 19

Decreasing oxygen, Increasing carbon dioxide #Thanks Cellular Respiration!

Question 20

More Algae in a tank would affect oxygen and carbon dioxide levels by..

Answer 20

IN DARK: oxygen decreases, Co2 increases
IN LIGHT: oxygen increases, Co2 decreases
#Thanks photosynthesis

Question 21

The photosynthetic organ of the plant is..

Answer 21

The leaf, where ever chloroplast is found

Question 22

An abundance of vascular tissue is found.. (in plants)

Answer 22

In the stems

Question 23

These two reactions/cycles go hand in hand when photosynthesis is occuring

Answer 23

Light Reactions & Calvin Cycle

Question 24

What is the relationship between cell respiration and photosynthesis?

Answer 24

Cell respiration produces products needed for photosynthesis and vice versa.

Products in question:
cell resp - carbon dioxide + water
photosynthesis - glucose + oxygen

Question 25

What is the difference between energy and matter flow through ecosystems?

Answer 25

Energy flows straight through an ecosystem in one direction (only 10%, the rest is lost as heat). Matter (carbon) flows through ecosystems in a cycle

Question 26

Identify all of the major players in an ecosystem

Answer 26

Producers primary secondary tertiary quaternary consumers

Question 27

What does the pyramid of energy show?

Answer 27

shows amount of energy at each trophic level of food chain

Question 28

Pyramid of Matter

Answer 28

shows biomass (matter) present in trophic level of food chain

Question 29

Pyramid of Numbers

Answer 29

shows total # of organisms at each trophic level of food chain

Question 30

What is the 10% Rule?

Answer 30

only 10% of an organism’s energy is transferred to its consumer; 90% is used by the organism to sustain itself

Question 31

What are trophic cascades?

Answer 31

Trophic Cascades: when something very vital and powerful to an ecosystem gets removed and disrupts the flow of the rest of the ecosystem

Question 32

How does the flow of matter and energy through ecosystems relate to bear hibernation?

Answer 32

By the food they consume, bears can store energy during hibernation. As they hibernate, bears can store all the food in their body, causing them to bulk up and conserve it for upcoming seasons.