Biopsych Flashcards
(25 cards)
Broca
speech production
frontal lobe
Wernicke
speech comprehension
temporal
Peterson et al
brain scans demonstrate wernickes in listening brocas in reading out loud
Tulving et al
episodic and semantic in different parts prefrontal cortex
Lashley
removed areas of cortex (10-50%) in rats learning maze route
no area more important process required entire cortex
Dick and Trembley
only 2% modern researchers think language controlled by these areas
brain imaging shows holistic language function
Sperry
11 split brain individuals
image or word presented to RVF or LVF
RVF could describe LVF select matching object with left hand
Fink et al
PET scans identify parts active in visual field
global elements (forest) regions RH more active, smaller details (each tree) LH dominated
Nielson et al
1000+ brain scans
different hemispheres certain tasks no evidence of dominant side for personality
Maguire et al
london taxi driver more volume grey matter in posterior hippocampus
part spatial and navigational skills
complete the knowledge
longer in job more grey matter
Draganski et al
brain scans med students 3 months before and after exams
learning induced changes occur posterior hippocampus and parietal cortex
Kuhn et al
video game train super mario 30 mins per day
grey matter increased hippocampus and cerebellum
Bezzola et al
40 hours golf changed neural representations of movement aged 40-60
fMRI observed inc motor cortex activity, more efficient neural representation after training
Siffre
extended time in cave
free running biological rhythm just above 24 hours continue to sleep and wake at regular schedule
Aschoff and Waver
4 weeks ppts WW2 bunker
all but one 24-25 hours
Folkard
12 ppts cave three weeks secretly sped day to 22 hours
only 1 ppt adjusted
Czeisler
evidence S/W cycle 13-65 hours
Duffy et al
some natural preference sleeping and rising early (larks) others opposite (owls)
Stern and McClintock
29 women irregular periods
pheromones gathered different stages, pads frozen, treated, rubbed on upper lip
68% women changed closer to ‘odor donor’
Penton Voak et al
prefer feminised men long-term masculine during ovulation
adaptive strategy
infradian rhythms
Dement and Kleitman
sleep 9 adults in sleep lab control EVs
EEGs record
REM sleep correlate dreaming
more vivid= more active
woken during could recall dreams
Tucker et al
ppts over 11 days and nights
large difference in duration especially stage 3 and 4
biologically determined differences
Ralph et al
bred mutant hamsters with 20 hour S/W cycle
SCN cells from foetal tissue transplanted into brains of normal hamsters
cycle also 20 hours
Campbell and Murphy
detected by skin receptor sites, 15 ppts woken at various times light pad on back of knees
deviation s/w cycle up to 3 hours doesn’t rely on eyes
