BIOPSYCH: Neuron types (x3) and Structure

Question 1

define neurons:

Answer 1

cables of the body that carry electrical impulses
info is received at terminals at the dendrites

Question 2

what are the 3 main types of neurons?

Answer 2

Sensory (afferent)
Relay (interneuron)
Motor (efferent)

Question 3

sensory (afferent) neuron:

Answer 3

for receiving info

Question 4

relay (interneuron) neuron:

Answer 4

for transmitting info

Question 5

motor (efferent) neuron:

Answer 5

for controlling muscles to respond

Question 6

1. Axon terminal (presynaptic terminals)

Answer 6

they communicate with the next neuron in the chain across the synapse

Question 7

2. Myelin sheath

Answer 7

a fatty layer that protects the axon and speeds up electrical transmission of the action potential (AP)

Question 8

3. Axon

Answer 8

this carries APs away from the cell body down the length of the neuron

Question 9

4. Cell body (soma)

Answer 9

the control centre of the neuron

Question 10

5. Nucleus

Answer 10

contains genetic material

Question 11

6. Dendrites

Answer 11

carry nerve impulses from neighboring neurons or sensory receptors to the cell body

Question 12

7. Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 12

gaps in the myelin sheath that speed up transmission of the AP by forcing the impulse to ‘jump’ across the gaps along the axon