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4th PRELIMINARIES > BIOTECHNOLOGY > Flashcards

BIOTECHNOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

contains green chlorophyll where photosynthesis takes place

A

chloroplasts

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2
Q

protein factory of the cell

A

ribosomes

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3
Q

powerhouse of the cell

A

mitochondria

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4
Q

tough, rigid, outer covering that protects a plant cell and helps maintain its shape

A

cell wall

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5
Q

serves many functions such as absorbing water

A

vacuoles

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6
Q

waste treatment plant of the cell

A

lysosomes

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7
Q

contains digestive enzymes that help break down large molecules of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids

A

lysosomes

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8
Q

Digests old organelles that are no longer useful

A

lysosomes

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9
Q

control center of the cell

A

nucleus

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10
Q

internal framework of the cell

A

cytoskeleton

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11
Q

Movement of a substance across a cell membrane without the input of the cell’s energy

A

Passive Transport

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12
Q

A process where a substance passes through a membrane without the aid of an intermediary

A

Simple Diffusion

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13
Q

A special form of diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane

A

Osmosis

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14
Q

The net migration of particles from the higher concentration to the region of lower concentration.

A

Diffusion

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15
Q

Also known as “cell drinking”

A

Pinocytosis

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16
Q

Also known as “cell eating”

A

Phagocytosis

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17
Q

Process where cell absorbs molecules from outside the cell membrane by engulfing with their cell membrane

A

Endocytosis

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18
Q

Process where cell excretes waste and cell products

A

Exocytosis

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19
Q

Energy demanding transfer of a substance across a cell membrane against its concentration gradient

A

Active Transport

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20
Q

Supports and protects the cell. Found outside the cell membrane

A

Cell Wall

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21
Q

Jelly-like substance enclosed by the cell membrane and provides a medium for chemical reactions to take place.

A

Cytoplasm

22
Q

Controls the normal activities of the cell

A

Nucleus

23
Q

Lacks ribosomes on its surface

A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

24
Q

Kind of solution where the solute concentration is higher than that of the cell

A

Hypertonic

25
Q

Kind of solution where the solute concentration is lower than that of the cell

A

Hypotonic

26
Q

Process of shrinkage of the cell

A

Plasmolysis

27
Q

Process of swelling of the cell

A

Cytolysis

28
Q

Cell Theory states that:

A
  1. All cells are made from pre-existing cells
  2. Cells are the basic unit of life
  3. All organisms are made up of one or more cells
29
Q

Cell theory is proposed by:

A
  1. Rudolf Virchow
  2. Matthias Schleiden
  3. Theodor Schwann
30
Q

do eubacteria posses a cel wall composed of peptidoglycan?

A

yes

31
Q

Do methanogens life in extremely hot conditions?

A

yes

32
Q

are monerans characterized by having a membrane-bound nucleus?

A

no

33
Q

are autotrophs organisms that consume organic molecules produced by other organisms to get energy?

A

no

34
Q

can archaebacteria survive harsh environments?

A

yes

35
Q

are protists eukaryotic organisms?

A

yes

36
Q

are protozoans plant-like protists?

A

no

37
Q

are all protists unicellular?

A

no

38
Q

Are protists very diverse, and their only characteristic is being a eukaryote?

A

ye

39
Q

METHANOGENS // PROTEOBACTERIA // PROTOZOAN // HALOPHILES

all of these are monerans, except?

A

Protozoans

40
Q

They can live where no other organisms can survive- in acidic hot springs, near undersea volcanic vents, and in high salty water.

A

Archaebacteria

41
Q

These monerans can be classified by having thick cell wall (20-80nm) with teichoic acids and more than 50% peptidoglycan.

A

Gram-positive bacteria

42
Q

These monerans are more common in the environment and are found in less harsh conditions

A

Eubacteria

43
Q

GRAM P BACTERIA // PROTEOBACTERIA // THERMOACIDPHILES // CYANOBACTERIA

Which of the following is the odd one out?

A

Thermoacidophiles

44
Q

protists that are aimal like heterotrophy

A

protozoans

45
Q

protists that are most abundant in oceans, possessing silica

A

diatoms

46
Q

the red pigment of red algae responsible for photosynthesis is called:

A

phycoerythin

47
Q

dinoflagellates have _______ for movement

A

flagella

48
Q

THREE GROUPS OF ARCHAEBACTERIA

(hint: MTH)

A

methanogens//thermiacidophiles//halophiles

49
Q

FOUR GROUPS OF EUBACTERIA

(hint: G-PCPS)

A

GRAM POSITIVE// CYANOBACTERIA// PROTEOBACTERIA// SPIROCHETES

50
Q

FOUR CLASSIFICATIONS OF PROTOZOANS (ANIMAL)

(hint: SCZS)

A

SARCODINIANS (sarchodines)//CILIOPHORANS (ciliates)// ZOOFLAGELLATES//SPOROZOANS

51
Q

SIX CLASSIFICATIONS OF ALGAE (PLANT)

(hint: DiEuDaG-AR-AB-A)

A

DINOFLAGELLATES//EUGENOIDS//DIATOMS//GREEN, RED, BROWN ALGAE

52
Q

TWO CLASSIFICATIONS OF FUNGI-LIKE PROTISTS

(hint: PW)

A

PLASMODIAL SLIME MOLDS
WATER MOLDS

4th PRELIMINARIES (6 decks)

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