Births Flashcards
What two things increase the population?
Births and immigration.
What two things decrease the population?
Deaths and emigration.
What is immigration?
The movement of people into a country or area.
What is emigration?
The movement of people out of a country or area.
What is birth rate?
The number of live births per 1,000 per population per year.
What is meant by total fertility rate?
The average number of children a woman will have during her fertile years.
What are the two important trends in birth today?
Women are having less children and they are having them later on.
What are 4 reasons for the fall in birth rate?
Changes in the position of women
Fall in the IMR
Children are now an economic liability
Child-centredness
What changes have been seen in the position of women?
More women in work
More educational opportunities
Easier access to divorce
Access to abortion and contraception
What are some reasons for the fall in IMR?
Better attitudes towards hygiene
Better sanitation
Better healthcare services
Better nutrition
Why are children now an economic liability?
Child labour laws which banned children from working.
Changing norms which mean that they have a right to a high standard of living which is costly.
What is child-centredness?
The move from quantity to quality meaning parents have fewer children and are focusing on making sure they have a good upbringing.
What effect does a falling birth rate have?
Increases the dependency ratio.
Reduces need for many public services.
