Bistory Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is the concept of public participation rooted in?
The late 1960s, particularly the Skeffington Report and Sherry Arnstein’s ladder of citizen participation
These articles laid the foundation for understanding citizen involvement in urban planning.
What is Arnstein’s ladder of citizen participation?
A taxonomy of empowerment that includes eight levels of participation grouped into three ranks: non-participation, tokenism, and citizen power
It illustrates different models of participation and their empowering effects.
What are the three ranks of citizen participation according to Arnstein’s ladder?
- Non-participation
- Tokenism
- Citizen power
What does the top of Arnstein’s ladder signify?
The most democratic approach in public service
The lower rungs of the ladder relate to authoritarianism.
What significant legislation was created in the UK in 1968 to address land use?
The Town and Country Planning Act
This act preceded the Skeffington Report published in 1969.
Who chaired the Skeffington Report?
Arthur Skeffington, a British Labour Party Member of Parliament
The report focused on public involvement in urban planning.
What was a key outcome of the Skeffington Report?
It sparked great interest and debate on public participation in development plans.
What does the term ‘advocacy planning’ refer to?
A movement that emerged to represent the voice of the poor in the planning process
It aimed to address issues where low-rent housing was demolished for commercial interests.
Which book by Jane Jacobs discusses urban planning issues in the 1950s?
The Death and Life of Great American Cities
What three factors contributed to the planning movement according to Damer and Hague?
- The politics of decision-making in urban land use
- Social ethics in planning
- Shift from representative to participative democracy
True or False: Public participation is often used interchangeably with community engagement.
True
Fill in the blank: Arnstein’s ladder includes levels of participation such as informing, consultation, and _______.
placation
What level of Arnstein’s ladder is associated with manipulation?
Level 1
What is the primary focus of social ethics in urban planning?
Social commitment and idealism in planning
What is the relationship between the lower rungs of Arnstein’s ladder and democracy?
They relate to authoritarianism.
