Blake_Anatomy_12_Biomechanics Flashcards
1
Q
Fascicles
A
Bundles of Myofibers (Muscle cells)
2
Q
Myofibers
A
- Muscle cells containing bundles of myofibrils (end-to-end sarcomeres.)
- Enclosed by a sarcolema with superficial nuclei
3
Q
Tendons
A
- Attach muscle to bone, skin or another muscle
- Thick, cordlike structure
- Forms a thin, flattened sheet, termed an aponeurosis
4
Q
Aponeurosis
A
Tendons which form a thin, flattened sheet
5
Q
Ligaments
A
bind bone to bone
6
Q
Origin of a muscle
A
- the less movable attachement of a muscle - attached to more “fixed bone”
- Insertion is pulled toward the origin
- Typically lies proximal to the insertion
7
Q
Insertion of a Muscle
A
- the more movable attachement of a muscle - attached to the bone that moves in response to contraction
- Insertion is pulled toward the origin
- Typically lies distally to the origin
8
Q
Four types of organizational patterns in fascicles:
A
- Circular - also called a sphincter
- Convegent - triangular
- Parallel - parrallel to the long axis (ave a central body called the “belly” or “gaster”
- Pennate - One or more tendons extending through their body, and the fascicles are arranged at an oblique angle to the tendon
9
Q
Example of Parallel, strap-like muscle
A
Sternocleidomastoid
10
Q
Example of Parallel, fusiform muscle
A
Biceps brachi
11
Q
Example of convergent muscle
A
pectoralis major
12
Q
Example of Unipennate muscle
A
Flexor pollicis longus (anteriomedial wrist)
13
Q
Example of Bipennate muscle
A
Rectus femoris
14
Q
Example of multipennate muscle
A
Deltoid
15
Q
Example of circular muscle
A
orbicularis oris
