Blepharitis Flashcards
(18 cards)
Scaly deposits at the roots of the eyelashes are a sign of…?
Bacterial blepharitis
Oily deposits on the lids and lashes are a sign of…?
Seborrhoeic blepharitis
Clear sleeves (“collarettes”) extending from the roots of the lashes are a sign of…?
Demodex blepharitis
Which glands are dysfunctional in seborrhoeic blepharitis?
Glands of Zeis
What are the glands of Zeis?
Sebacious (oil-producing) glands at the roots of the eyelashes which help to lubricate and protect the eyelashes and surrounding skin
Seborrhoeic blepharitis is associated with…?
Seborrhoeic dermatitis
Describe seborrhoeic dermatitis.
A common inflammatory skin condition characterised by red, flaky and greasy patches, occurring in areas with lots of sebaceous glands like the scalp, face and chest. Not fully understood but thought to be related to an immune over-response to Malassezia yeast (a natural inhabitant of the skin). Associated with seborrhoeic blepharitis.
Signs of chronic bacterial blepharitis?
Misdirection or loss of lashes, hordeola, marginal keratitis, phlyctenulosis
Types of anterior blepharitis?
Bacterial (usually staphylococcal), seborrhoeic, Demodex
Describe phlyctenolosis.
Eye condition characterised by small, raised bumps (phlyctenules) on the cornea and conjunctiva, often at the limbus, resulting from a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to bacterial or other antigens.
Describe Demodex blepharitis.
Blepharitis thought to be caused by overpopulation of Demodex mites, particularly Demodex folliculorum (in lash follicles) and Demodex brevis (in MGs). Itchy. Collarettes are pathognomonic.
How is Demodex blepharitis treated?
Moist heat, vertical massage and lid cleansing, as with other types of blepharitis, though often with the addition of tea tree oil, which may or may not be effective.
Which is better: dry or moist heat?
Moist - loosens crusts and collarettes, unlike dry
What is posterior blepharitis?
Blepharitis affecting the posterior lid margin. Basically, MGD.
What is ocular rosacea?
Essentially, blepharitis (particularly posterior) associated with rosacea, a common inflammatory skin condition of multifactorial pathophysiology which affects the centrofacial region (cheeks, nose and forehead).
College-recommended heat regimen?
“compress applied to lid skin twice daily for not less than 5 minutes at 40°C”
Second-line management for anterior blepharitis?
“antibiotic ointment (e.g. chloramphenicol) twice daily; place in eyes or rub into lid margin with fingertip”
Second-line management for MGD?
Systemic tetracyclines, or if contraindicated (pregnancy, lactation or children under 12 years old), oral erythromycin or azithromycin
