Block 1

Question 1

Codeine & Pholcodone

Answer 1

Opiod that acts as an antitussive. Constipation can be a side effect

Question 2

Albuterol

Answer 2

SABA Beta-2 selective agonist used against acute asthma attacks

Question 3

Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Fluticasone

Answer 3

Inhaled glucocorticoid used to lower inflammation in asthma pt’s

Question 4

Prednisone, Prednisolone, Methylprednisolone

Answer 4

Oral glucocorticoid used to lower inflammation in asthma pt’s

Question 5

Salmeterol & Formoterol

Answer 5

LABA Beta-2 specific agonist, usually unsuitable for acute bronchospasm attack. Acts for 12 hrs

Question 6

Montelukast & Zafirlukast

Answer 6

Oral Leukotriene Antagonist used in conjunction with glucocorticoids.

Question 7

Ipratropium & Tiotropium

Answer 7

Peripheral anti-msucarinic used in COPD (can be used in elderly people with asthma)

Question 8

Omalizumab

Answer 8

Chimeric IgG antibody that targets the Fc portion of IgE antibodies –> Blocks IgE from binding to Mast Cells and Basophils

Question 9

Theophylline

Answer 9

Adenosine antagonizer and phosphodiesterase inhibitor, used as a third line drug with bronchodilators in asthma and COPD

Question 10

Cromolyn & Nedocromil Sodium

Answer 10

Mast Cell stabilizer that inhibits eosinophil accumulation. They have a delayed onset (4-6 weeks of tx needed for effect)

Question 11

Epinephrine

Answer 11

Adrenergic agonist, works on alpha 1, 2, and Beta 1, 2. Used in anaphalaxis

Question 12

NE

Answer 12

Adrenergic agonist that works on alpha 1, 2, and Beta 1 receptors. Used in severe hypotensive states

Question 13

Phenylephrine

Answer 13

Alpha 1 specific adrenergic agonist. Vasoconstrictor and deongestant. Also used to produce mydriasis in a retinal exam, and can treat severe hypotension and shock

Question 14

Clonidine

Answer 14

Alpha 2 specific adrenergic agonist. Antihypertensive, that causes rebound hypertension if you stop taking it abruptly.

Question 15

alpha-methyldopa

Answer 15

Alpha 2 specific adrenergic agonist. Antihypertensive used in pregnancy

Question 16

Isoproterenol

Answer 16

Beta 1 and 2 specific adrenergic agonist. Only used in very severe asthma.

Question 17

Terbutaline

Answer 17

Beta 2 specific adrenergic agonist. Used as a SABA, and used in suppressing uterine contractions

Question 18

Dobutamine

Answer 18

Beta 1 specific adrenergic agonist. Used in Acute Cardiac Failure, to improve Cardiac Output. Also used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock

Question 19

Ephedrine

Answer 19

Indirectly-acting sympathomimetic (causes release of NE as well as E). Used as a nasal decongestant. Increases BP & CO!

Question 20

Amphetamine

Answer 20

Indirectly-acting sympathomimetic, used in ADHD

Question 21

Methylphenidate

Answer 21

Indirectly-acting sympathomimetic, used in ADHD (Ritalin)

Question 22

Phenoxybenzamine

Answer 22

Irreversible alpha blocker, can cause myocardial ischemia due to a rebound effect of increased NE. Only used for pheochromocytoma surgeries with a Beta-Blocker

Question 23

Phentolamine

Answer 23

Alpha blocker given IV in hypertensive crises

Question 24

-AZOSIN (Prazosin, Terazosin, Doxazosin)

Answer 24

Alpha 1 blocker, that lowers blood pressure. Causes floppy iris in cataract surgery

Question 25

Tamulosin

Answer 25

Alpha 1A blocker that improves urinary flow in BPH

Question 26

Propanolol

Answer 26

Beta blocker used in hyperthyroidism

Question 27

Timolol

Answer 27

Beta blocker used in glaucoma

Question 28

Sotalol

Answer 28

Beta blocker, that also acts as an anti-arrhythmic. Used after an Acute MI

Question 29

Metopropolol and Bispropolol

Answer 29

Beta-1 blocker used in Chronic Cardiac Failure

Question 30

Atenolol

Answer 30

Beta-1 specific blocker

Question 31

Esmolol

Answer 31

Beta-1 specific blocker with a very short half-life

Question 32

Carvedilol

Answer 32

Alpha-1 and Beta Blocker used in chronic cardiac failure

Question 33

Nevibolol

Answer 33

Beta-1 blocker that is also an NO-potentiating vasodilator, used in Cardiac Failure

Question 34

Botulinum Toxin

Answer 34

Inhibits ACh release

Question 35

Muscarine

Answer 35

Classic muscarinic agonist

Question 36

Bethanechol

Answer 36

Muscarinic Agonist

Question 37

Pilocarpine

Answer 37

Muscarinic Agonist

Question 38

Edrophonium

Answer 38

Short-acting AChE inhibitor. Used to test for Myasthenia Gravis

Question 39

Neostigmine & Pyridostigmine

Answer 39

Used in tx of myasthenia gravis, and reverse the NMJ blockade to stop paralysis

Question 40

Physostigmine

Answer 40

Glaucoma and treating atropine poisoning. It can cross the BBB

Question 41

Donazepil & Tacrine

Answer 41

Used to treat Alzheimer's

Question 42

Dopamine

Answer 42

Alpha-1 and Beta-1 Agonist that will increase BP by vasoconstriction and improving cardiac output

Question 43

Cocaine

Answer 43

Blocks Na/K ATPase. Prevents reuptake of NE, Serotonin, and DA. Can cause hypertension, Cardiac ischemia & infarction, and cardiac arrhythmias