Block 10 Flashcards
(88 cards)
1
Q
What is the image in BIO
A
Real, inverted and reversed
2
Q
What do higher power lenses offer in BIO
A
Greater FOV and can aid with examining small pupils
3
Q
The power of the condensing lens determines what 3 things
A
Working distance
Magnification
FoV
4
Q
What lens power has greater mag: higher or lower power
A
Lower power (+14D has biggest mag)
5
Q
Which lens power has the largest FoV: higher or lower power
A
Higher power (+30D)
6
Q
Which power lens requires a greater working distance: higher or lower power
A
Lower power (+14D)
7
Q
Mag of +30D lens
A
2x
8
Q
Mag of +20D lens
A
3.25x
9
Q
Mag of +14/15D lens
A
4.17x
10
Q
FoV for +30D lens
A
60 degrees
11
Q
FoV for +20D lens
A
40 degrees
12
Q
FoV for +14/15D lens
A
30 degree
13
Q
Stereo for +30 lens
A
1/2
14
Q
Stereo for +20D lens
A
3/4
15
Q
Stereo for +14/15D lens
A
1
16
Q
Working distance from cornea for +30D lens
A
26 mm
17
Q
Working distance from cornea for +20D lens
A
47mm
18
Q
Working distance from cornea for +14/15D lens
A
72mm
19
Q
Lens used to obtain a panoramic view when detail and stereo are not as important
A
+30D lens
20
Q
Lens used with a small pupil
A
+30D
21
Q
Most widely used lens
A
20D
22
Q
Lens provides an adequate FoV, stereo and mag
A
20D
23
Q
Lens most useful for detailed view of macular or optic disc
A
15D
24
Q
Lens for determine elevation of retina in shallow retinal detachment
A
15D
25
Room lighting for BIO
Dark enough to achieve sufficient contrast
26
Do you start with the brightest light possible in BIO
No, wait until the pt is accustomed to it and then gradually turn it up
27
4 clinical pearls of BIO
- dark room
- avoid too much ambient lighting
- dont begin with brightest light
- have a sequential system
28
How long should you do BIO at a time to keep the patient comfy
= 30 seconds
29
Advantages of BIO
- great for nystagmus
- great for kids
- portable
- examine periphery
- big FoV
- stereo
30
Disadvantages of BIO
- hard to learn
- less mag (harder to see detail of lesions)
- impossible with small pupils
- uncomfortable for pts
31
Advantages of having a systematic approach for BIO
- Minimize risk of overlooking
| - aiding in the recall of the location of findings
32
Which part of retinal is examined first and why
Peripheral retinal to allow light adaptation
33
How many meridians do we examine
8
| (SN, S, ST, T, IT, I, IN, N)
34
When laying down, how do you examine the meridian in question
Stand 180 degrees away
35
The fundus image viewed through the lens in
INVERTED and REVERSED
36
2 ways to indication the location of retinal lesions
- clock hours
| - distance in disc diameters
37
Color coding fundus findings: retinal arterioles
Red
38
Color coding fundus findings: retinal hemes
Red
39
Color coding fundus findings: microaneurysm
Red
40
Color coding fundus findings: attached retina
Red
41
Color coding fundus findings: hole/break
Red
42
Color coding fundus findings: retinal venules
Blue
43
Color coding fundus findings: detached retina
Blue
44
Color coding fundus findings: outline of break
Blue
45
Color coding fundus findings: exudate
Yellow
46
Color coding fundus findings: edema
Yellow
47
Color coding fundus findings: vitreous opacity
Green
48
Color coding fundus findings: vitreous bleed
Green
49
Color coding fundus findings: pigmentation
Maroon
50
Color coding fundus findings: detached choroid
Maroon
51
Color coding fundus findings: ora serrata
Black
52
Color coding fundus findings: drusen
Black
53
Vitreoretinal chart: inner circle
Equator
54
Vitreoretinal chart: middle circle
Ora serrata
55
Vitreoretinal chart: region of ciliary processes
Outer circle
56
Field of view with DO
5 degrees
57
FoV with BIO
45-60 degrees
58
Which type of heme looks like it is coming forward, but you can still see the retina through it
Preretinal heme
59
Which type of heme can you not see through the vitreous
Vitreal heme
60
3 things that can cause blockage of the view of the retina
Asteroid hyalosis
Vitreous heme
Dense cataracts
61
Can you see to do a fundus exam if pt has a retinal detachment
Yes
62
PVD-RT looks like what
Horse shoe tear
63
Examination of the eye to look at the anterior chamber form the anterior part of the iris to the posterior part of cornea
Gonioscopy
64
Do you do gonioscopy on all patients
On all glaucoma suspects and repeated periodically for narrow angle or angle closure glaucoma patients
65
Angle on the 4 mirror lens
64 degrees
66
Which gonioscopy lens do you use coupling solution with
3 mirror
67
What are the 3 mirrors in the 3 mirror gonioscopy lens
Thumb rule
- round = apical
- square = peripheral
- trapezoid = equatorial
68
Degree of apical mirror
59 degrees
69
Degree of peripheral mirror
67 degree
70
Degree of the equatorial mirror
73 mirror
71
Structure in the angle from posterior to anterior
CB
SS
TB
SL
72
Deepest and most pigmented angle of the eye
Inferior
73
If the iris is bowed forward, how do you look into the angle
Patient look into the mirror or tip the lens toward angle being examined
"Look over the hill"
74
Are most eyes symmetrical
Yes
75
Another way to examine the angle using the slit lamp
Van herrick test
76
Van herrick test: grade 4
>/= corneal thickness
| - wide open angle
77
Van herrick test: grade 3
1/4 to 1/2 corneal thickness
| - pretty open
78
Van herrick test: grade 2
1/4 of the thickness
| - ehhhhh
79
Van herrick test: grade 1
<1/4 of the corneal thickness
| - pretty closed
80
Van herrick test: grade dangerously low
Slit
| - very low
81
Do normal vessels cross the scleral spur
No
82
Does neovascularization cross the SS
Yes
83
This type of gonioscopy is preformed in all glaucoma cases
Indentation gonioscopy
84
If the SS is visible is the angle open or closed
Open
85
If the SS is not visible but there is a synechiae seen on indentation gonioscopy
Grade the angle
| - primary angle closure suspect
86
If you dont see SS or synechiae and the IOP is raised
Primary angle closure (apposition)
87
If you dont see SS or synechiae and the IOP is not raised
Primary angle closure suspect
88
Is asteroid hyalosis usually unilateral or bilateral
Unilateral
| 10% bilateral
