Block 2: Heredity, Gene Regulation, and Biotechnology

Question 1

Locus?

Answer 1

Physical location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome

Question 2

Pleitropy?

Answer 2

When one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated traits

Question 3

Polygenic Inheritance?

Answer 3

multiple genes (usually at different loci) contribute to a single trait.

Question 4

Law of Independent Assortment?

Answer 4

Alleles of different genes are distributed independently of one another during gamete formation

Question 5

Wild Type Trait?

Answer 5

most common or “normal” version of a trait found in a natural population

Question 6

Epigenetic Inheritance?

Answer 6

From one generation to the next not through changes in the DNA sequence, but through chemical modifications that affect gene expression

Question 7

Linked Genes?

Answer 7

Genes that are located close on the same chromosome and inherited together

Question 8

Replication bubble?

Answer 8

opened-up region of DNA where replication is actively occurring.

Question 9

Sex-Linked Genes?

Answer 9

genes that are located on the sex chromosomes—most commonly the X chromosome.

Question 10

Chromosome Theory of Inheritance?

Answer 10

Genes are located on chromosomes, and it is the chromosomes that undergo segregation and independent assortment during meiosis

Question 11

Autosome?

Answer 11

Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome

Question 12

Homeotic Genes?

Answer 12

genes that control the developmental of body parts