block 3 lecture 5 fat absorption

Question 1

common structure of fats?

Answer 1

triglyceride

Question 2

what is the structure of triglycerides

Answer 2

3 long chain fatty acids and a glycerol

Question 3

what is the process to dissolve fats?

Answer 3

emulsification

Question 4

what stabilizes fat droplets?

Answer 4

bile salts and amphipathic liquids

Question 5

where are bile salts released from?

Answer 5

gall bladder

Question 6

why do bile salts coat particles?

Answer 6

to prevent reaggregation

Question 7

what degrades triglycerides?

Answer 7

lipase

Question 8

what are the products of lipase digestion?

Answer 8

micelles

Question 9

where are micelles absorbed?

Answer 9

enterocytes in the jejunum

Question 10

what are triglycerides broken into?

Answer 10

2 monoglycerides and and fatty acids

Question 11

what are cholesterol esters broken down into?

Answer 11

cholesterol and fatty acids

Question 12

what are the sources of lipid degrading enzymes?

Answer 12

lingual lipase, gastric lipase, pancreatic triglyceride lipase

Question 13

what happens to the lipid products inside the enterocytes?

Answer 13

re-esterified with free fatty acids

Question 14

reesterified lipids combine with opolipoproteins to form what?

Answer 14

chylomicrons

Question 15

from enterocytes where are chylomicrons exocytised into?

Answer 15

lacteals

Question 16

where is bile formed?

Answer 16

liver

Question 17

where is bile concentrated and stored?

Answer 17

gall bladder

Question 18

what are the breakdown products of cholesterol?

Answer 18

bile alts

Question 19

how is cholesterol removed from the body?

Answer 19

stool

Question 20

how are bile acids made more polar at one end?

Answer 20

they are conjugated to glycine and taurine

Question 21

where are triglycerides reassembled?

Answer 21

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

why dont chylomicrons enter the blood stream via capillaries?

Answer 22

too big

Question 23

where do chylomicrons enter the blood stream?

Answer 23

thoracic lymph duct

Question 24

what shape are HDLs?

Answer 24

disc

Question 25

what do chylomicrons do?

Answer 25

transport dietry fats from the intestines to tissues

Question 26

what colour does plasma go after meals?

Answer 26

opaque

Question 27

where is glycerol transported to for gluconeogenesis?

Answer 27

liver

Question 28

what does omega 3 do?

Answer 28

controls blood clotting, builds celluler membranes in the brain, enhances brain functions, reduces the risk of cancer/heart disease/diabetes, reduces inflammation

Question 29

what does omega 6 do?

Answer 29

regulates brain functions, regulates growth and development, hair and skin growth, regulates metabolism, maintains healthy bones, increases inflammation