Block 3: Practice Exam #1 Flashcards by Lorin Uttinger

All of the following are components of the Erector Spinae group EXCEPT:

A) Iliocostalis

B) Longissimus

C) Semispinalis

D) Spinalis

semispinalis

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The function of the multifidus muscle is:

A) Extension

B) Eccentric contraction controlling lateral bending

C) Rotation of vertebral bodies

D) All of the above are functions of multifidus

All of the above are functions of multifidus

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Which of the following does NOT have an insertion into the head?

A) Iliocostalis

B) Longissimus

C) Semispinalis

D) Spinalis

Semispinalis

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The erector spinae muscles are innervated by which nerve?

A) dorsal primary rami of different levels

B) dorsal root ganglia

C) intercostals nerves

D) ventral primary rami of different levels

dorsal primary rami of different levels

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The brain and the spinal cord comprise the _____________ nervous system.

A) autonomic

B) central

C) efferent

D) peripheral

central

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If you pierced the posterior aspect of the spine, with a needle, all the way through to the spinal cord which of the following ligaments would NOT be pierced by the needle?

A) anterior longitudinal ligament

B) interspinous ligament

C) ligamentum flavum

D) supraspinous ligament

anterior longitudinal ligament

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A fracture of the pars interarticularis in a lumbar vertebrae producing a collar on the “neck” of the “Scotty dog” is called:

A) lumbololysis

B) spondylolysis

C) spondylolithesis

D) spondylosis

spondylolysis

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In a radical neck dissection, a surgeon accidentally cuts the hypoglossal nerve. Upon regaining consciousness the patient is asked to extend his/her tongue. What would you expect to happen?

A) the tongue points to the lesioned side

B) the tongue points away from the lesioned side

C) the tongue points in the middle

D) the tongue is unaffected and able to protrude normally

the tongue points to the lesioned side

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Which of the following is NOT innervated by a branch of the facial nerve?

A) levator anguli oris

B) levator labii superioris

C) zygomaticus minor

D) All of the above are innervated by the facial nerve

All of the above are innervated by the facial nerve

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The maxillary portion (V2) of the trigeminal nerve exits the cranial cavity via the:

A) foramen ovale

B) foramen rotundum

C) foramen spinosum

D) superior orbital fissure

foramen rotundum

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Both the lateral pterygoid muscle and the medial pterygoid muscle arise from the:

A) condylar process of the mandible

B) ramus of the mandible

C) sphenoid bone

D) zygomatic arch

sphenoid bone

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A fly wanders into your eye causing you to blink. The sensation of a foreign object in your eye was carried to the brain via cranial nerve _________________ and the blink response was mediated via cranial nerve _______________________.

A) III, VII

B) III, V(V1)

C) V(V1), III

D) V(V1), VII

V(V1), VII

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The MOST distinctive feature of the second cervical vertebra is the:

A) absence of the spinous process

B) lack of ligamentous attachments

C) odontoid process (Dens)

D) transverse process without foramina

odontoid process (Dens)

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Which of the following is the nerve to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid?

A) axillary nerve

B) dorsal primary rami

C) spinal accessory nerve

D) vagus nerve

spinal accessory nerve

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A cervical vertebra can be differentiated from a lumbar vertebra by the presence of:

A) bifid spinous process

B) cartilaginous body

C) narrow vertebral canal

D) presence of articulating surfaces

bifid spinous process

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The chief peculiarity of the first cervical vertebra is:

A) bifid spinous process

B) no body

C) no transverse foramen

D) no transverse process

no body

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The basilar artery terminates into what two branches?

A) anterior cerebral arteries

B) anterior communicating arteries

C) posterior cerebral arteries

D) posterior communicating arteries

posterior cerebral arteries

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The median atlantoaxial joint allows which of the following head motions:

A) abduction/adduction

B) flexion/extension

C) lateral bending

D) rotation

rotation

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Which ligament attaches directly to the Dens?

A) apical ligament

B) cruciform ligament

C) inferior longitudinal ligament

D) superior longitudinal ligament

apical ligament

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The tough outer layer of connective tissue covering the spinal cord is called the:

A) arachnoid mater

B) dura mater

C) pia mater

D) tectorial membrane

dura mater

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Spinal nerves exit the spinal column through the:

A) foramen magnum

B) intervertebral foramen

C) transverse foramen

D) vertebral foramen

intervertebral foramen

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All of these ligaments help limit trunk flexion EXCEPT:

A) anterior longitudinal ligament

B) interspinous ligament

C) posterior longitudinal ligament

D) supraspinous ligament

anterior longitudinal ligament

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Which is a characteristic of the posterior aspect of the atlas?

A) spinous process

B) sulcus of the vertebral artery

C) transverse foramen

D) transverse process

sulcus of the vertebral artery

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Paralysis of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle would result from a lesion of which of the following nerves?

A) accessory nerve

B) ansa cervicalis

C) facial nerve

D) trigeminal nerve

facial nerve

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A patient is unable to close her lips. Which of the following muscles is paralyzed? A) lateral pterygoid B) levator labii superioris C) orbicularis oris D) zygomaticus minor

orbicularis oris

Fracture through the foramen rotundum would cause a lesion of which of the following nerves? A) mandibular nerve (V3) B) maxillary nerve (V2) C) ophthalmic nerve (V1) D) optic nerve

maxillary nerve (V2)

The anterior longitudinal ligament: A) ends superiorly as the tectorial membrane B) extends from the coccyx to the atlas C) lies between the intervertebral disk and the dura D) limits flexion of the vertebral column

extends from the coccyx to the atlas

The hypoglossal canal is a feature of which bone? A) occipital B) parietal C) sphenoid D) temporal

occipital

The superior orbital fissure contains all of the following EXCEPT: A) abducens B) ophthalmic nerve (V1) C) optic nerve D) trochlear nerve

optic nerve

All of the following statements concerning the vagus nerve are correct EXCEPT: A) it contains parasympathetic fibers B) it exits the skull via the foramen magnum C) it innervates organs in the thorax D) it innervates organs in the abdomen

it exits the skull via the foramen magnum

The presence of transverse foramen are unique to which vertebrae? A) cervical B) thoracic C) lumbar D) sacral

cervical

Which of the following is NOT a suprahyoid muscle? A) digastric B) mylohyoid C) geniohyoid D) omohyoid (superior belly)

omohyoid (superior belly)

The anterior triangle of the neck is bordered by the mandible superiorly, medially by the cervical mid-line and laterally by the ________________________. A) anterior border of sternocleidomastoid B) posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid C) anterior border of the trapezius D) posterior border of the trapezius

anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

The internal carotid artery contributes to the circle of Willis through which artery? A) anterior communicating B) basilar C) middle cerebral D) posterior cerebral

middle cerebral

The terminal branch of the external carotid artery is the : A) internal carotid artery B) middle meningeal artery C) superficial temporal artery D) vertebral artery

superficial temporal artery

The medial inferior portion of the orbit of the eye is made up of the: A) frontal B) maxilla C) temporal D) zygomatic

maxilla

The frontal bone articulates with the parietal bones through the: A) anterior fontanelle B) coronal suture C) lambda suture D) sagittal suture

coronal suture

The foramen ovale is a characteristic of the: A) ethmoid bone B) occipital bone C) sphenoid bone D) temporal bone

sphenoid bone

The olfactory nerve is most closely associated with which bone? A) ethmoid bone B) occipital bone C) sphenoid bone D) temporal bone

ethmoid bone

The rectus capitis posterior major is supplied by the A) dorsal primary rami of C1 B) dorsal primary rami of C3 C) greater occipital nerve D) lesser occipital nerve

dorsal primary rami of C1

Your aunt calls long distance to say that her neighbor’s 5 year old son has a condition called torticollis or “wryneck” and that his head is drawn to the right and rotated so that his chin is to the left. The position of his head indicates contraction of what muscle? A) left sternocleidomastoid B) left trapezius C) right sternocleidomastoid D) right trapezius

right sternocleidomastoid

Most people have ________ cervical and __________ lumbar vertebrae. A) 6; 5 B) 7;5 C) 7;6 D) 8; 5

7;5

Which statement is TRUE about the true muscles of the back? A) iliocostalis is the most medial of the three columns of erector spinae muscles B) longissimus has a lumborum portion C) the erector spinae flexes the vertebral column D) they are innervated by many levels of the spinal cord through the dorsal primary rami

they are innervated by many levels of the spinal cord through the dorsal primary rami

With regard to the vertebral column, which statement is TRUE: A) excessive lordosis is an abnormal increase in the concavity of the lumbar vertebral column B) the sacrum is formed from three fused vertebrae C) the spinous process of a typical thoracic vertebrae tends to be square in shape D) the supraspinous ligament courses from one adjacent lamina to another

the spinous process of a typical thoracic vertebrae tends to be square in shape

Motor innervation of the facial muscles attaching to the upper lip is from the ________ branch of the facial nerve (CN VII), while cutaneous innervation from the upper lip is carried through the ______________ branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). A) buccal; mandibular B) buccal; maxillary C) mandibular; maxillary D) zygomatic; mandibular

buccal; maxillary

Which of the following innervates the muscle responsible for moving the eye down and out? A) abducens nerve (CN VI) B) oculomotor nerve (CN III) C) trigeminal nerve, ophthalmic division (V1) D) trochlear nerve (CN IV)

abducens nerve (CN VI)

A blow to the pterion region of the skull could damage the: A) facial artery B) middle cerebral artery C) middle meningeal artery D) occipital artery

middle meningeal artery

The tectorial membrane is continuous with the: A) anterior longitudinal ligament B) dura mater C) ligamentum nuchae D) posterior longitudinal ligament

posterior longitudinal ligament

Which muscle originates on a transverse process and inserts on a spinous process up to three levels above its origin? A) long rotator B) multifidus C) short rotator D) spinalis

multifidus

Which of the following nerves does NOT travel through the jugular foramen? A) glossopharyngeal B) hypoglossal C) spinal accessory D) vagus

hypoglossal

Which cranial nerve does NOT exit the skull? A) facial B) trigeminal C) trochlear D) vestibulocochlear

vestibulocochlear

The spinal contributions to the phrenic nerve are? A) C1, C2, C3 B) C3, C4, C5 C) C5, C6, C7 D) L4, L5, S1

C3, C4, C5

The parietal bones are separated from the occipital bone by the _________ suture. A) coronal B) lamboid C) sagittal D) squamous

lamboid

The zygomatic arch is comprised of processes from the zygomatic bone and the _______ bone. A) ethmoid B) frontal C) parietal D) temporal

temporal

Which of the suprahyoid muscles is NOT innervated by a cranial nerve? A) digastric B) geniohyoid C) mylohyoid D) stylohyoid

geniohyoid

Which infrahyoid muscle has an origin on the superior medial aspect of the scapula? A) levator scapulae B) omohyoid C) sternohyoid D) trapezius

omohyoid

Which of these structures is NOT found in the anterior triangle of the neck? A) brachial plexus B) common carotid artery C) internal jugular vein D) vagus nerve

brachial plexus

If a benign tumor is found where the common carotid artery usually bifurcates, it would be located at the level of the A) angle of the mandible B) cricoid cartilage C) jugular notch D) thyroid cartilage

thyroid cartilage

A man is unable to open his jaw because of paralysis of which of the following muscles? A) lateral pterygoid B) masseter C) medial pterygoid D) temporalis

lateral pterygoid

The tongue of a patient deviates to the left on protrusion. Which of the following nerves is injured? A) left glossopharyngeal B) left hypoglossal C) right glossopharyngeal D) right hypoglossal

left hypoglossal

The anterior scalene muscle A) descends posterior to the subclavian artery B) inserts on the second rib C) is innervated by the phrenic nerve D) runs anterior to the brachial plexus

runs anterior to the brachial plexus

Following resection of a primary tongue tumor, a patient has lost general sensation on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue. This is probably due to injury to branches of which of the following nerves? A) facial B) glossopharyngeal C) hypoglossal D) trigeminal

trigeminal

When the middle meningeal artery is ruptured but the meninges remain intact, blood enters which space? A) epidural space B) subarachnoid space C) subdural space D) subpial space

subdural space

Which of the following conditions results from severance of the abducens nerve? A) lateral deviation of the eye B) loss of ability to dilate the pupil C) medial deviation of the eye D) ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid)

medial deviation of the eye

Which of the following cranial nerves is necessary for elevation of the eyeball? A) abducens (CN VI) B) oculomotor (CN III) C) trigeminal (CN V) D) trochlear (CN IV)

oculomotor (CN III)

Which of the following muscles remain functional after a complete interruption of cranial nerve III (oculomotor)? A) ciliary muscle B) lateral rectus C) medial rectus D) superior rectus

lateral rectus

The mandibular division of trigeminal nerve conveys cutaneous sensory information from: A) cheek bone B) forehead C) the lower lip D) the upper lip

the lower lip

Which nerve travels with the vestibulocochlear nerve into the internal auditory meatus before exiting the skull? A) abducens B) facial C) hypoglossal D) trigeminal

facial

Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT carry motor fibers to skeletal muscles? A) facial B) glossopharyngeal C) hypoglossal D) trigeminal (V2)

trigeminal (V2)

Which of the following is NOT part of the cruciform ligament? A) alar band B) inferior longitudinal band C) superior longitudinal band D) transverse band

alar band

The odontoid process articulates with the __________ of the atlas. A) fovea dentis B) lateral mass C) occipital condyle D) superior facet

fovea dentis

The lateral border of the suboccipital triangle is formed by the: A) obliquus capitis inferior B) obliquus capitis superior C) rectus capitis posterior major D) rectus capitis posterior minor

obliquus capitis superior

Areas for rib articulations are unique characteristics of the: A) cervical spine B) lumbar spine C) sacral spine D) thoracic spine

thoracic spine

Damage to the oculomotor nerve (CN III) would result in the orienting the eye in which position? A) Down and In B) Down and Out C) Up and In D) Up and Out

down and out

If the glossopharyngeal nerve carries the afferent fibers for the “Gag” reflex, which nerve carries the efferent fibers? A) Facial B) Hypoglossal C) Trigeminal D) Vagus

vagus