Block 4 Flashcards
(106 cards)
1
Q
A wave in which the direction of displacement is perpendicular to the direction of propagation is?
A
A transverse wave
2
Q
What wave always requires a physical medium to travel through?
A
Transverse wave
3
Q
What waves are produced by the acceleration of an electric charge perpendicular to electric and magnetic field?
A
Electromagnetic waves
4
Q
What waves do not require a physical medium to travel through?
A
Electromagnetic waves
5
Q
What scale represents the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation and object may emanate?
A
Electromagnetic spectrum
6
Q
Electromagnetic spectrum includes these waves:
A
Radio waves Microwaves Infrared Visible light Ultraviolet X-rays Gamma rays
7
Q
How fast is electromagnetic energy travel?
A
At the speed of light
8
Q
What is the distance occupied by one cycle in free space?
A
Wavelength
9
Q
How are wavelengths measured?
A
Meters and Greek symbol Lambda
10
Q
A short wavelength equals’s:
A
A high-frequency
11
Q
A long wave length equals:
A
Low-frequency
12
Q
What is the value or amount of displacement of a wave above or below a reference line?
A
Amplitude
13
Q
How is amplitude measured?
A
Measured in volts
14
Q
What is a single occurrence of a regularly reoccurring event?
A
Cycle
15
Q
What is the measure of the number of cycles a signal completes in one second?
A
Frequency
16
Q
How are frequencies measured?
A
Hertz
17
Q
What bands are the IR spectrum breaking down in?
A
Three bands: near, mid and far
18
Q
What is used to measure the wavelength for IR energy?
A
Microns
19
Q
What are the three aspects to an object that will determine the amount of energy that will be visible by an IR sensor?
A
Emissivity
Reflectivity
Transmissivity
20
Q
What describes how much IR energy can be absorbed and then re-radiated by an object?
A
Emissivity
21
Q
What is the amount of energy reflected by an object produced by other objects?
A
Reflectivity
22
Q
What is the percentage of EM energy allowed to pass through an object?
A
Transmissivity
23
Q
What are the five basic thermal properties needed to define how IR energy is used?
A
Thermal conductivity Thermal capacity Thermal inertia Surface conditions Thermal crossover
24
Q
What is The rate at which energy passes through a material?
A
Thermal conductivity
25
What thermal property determines how well a material stores energy?
Thermal capacity
26
What thermal property is a measure of the materials response to energy?
Thermal inertia
27
What thermal property is a natural phenomenon that occurs twice a day when conditions are such that there is a lots of contrast between two objects?
Thermal crossover
| Ex: sunrise and sunset
28
What type of IR seeker is rear aspect only?
Uncooled seekers
29
What seeker has a cryo- genic agent that is used to cool the seeker head just prior to use?
Cooled seekers
30
What seekers look for the difference and IR radiation between the target in the natural IR back ground level?
Contrast seekers
31
What two types of technology are used to protect against IR threats?
Flares
| IR jammers
32
What are commonly composed of pyrotechnic composition based on magnesium or other hot burning metal?
Flares
33
What are the IR missiles called that can identify and reject flares?
Infrared counter-counter measures (IRCCM)
34
What technique is used to confuse a missile?
Infrared jamming
35
What has many uses in military technology including imagery and weapon system guidance?
Visible light
36
What do EM waves travel on?
Magnetic fields
37
What are the two types of waves?
Transverse waves
| Electromagnetic waves
38
What system passively detects threats from the UV, EO, or IR signatures of the missiles exhaust plume?
Missile approach warning systems (MAWS)
39
What system provides search and track data to the aircraft fire control system just like the AI radar but in a passive undetectable manner?
Infrared search and track system (IRSTS)
40
What are the four general types of IRCCM used by IR missiles to defeat flares?
Kinematic discrimination
Spectral discrimination
Spatial discrimination
Temporal discrimination
41
What infrared counter-counter measure seeker operates into distinct parts of the EM spectrum?
Spectral discrimination
42
What IRCCM seeker "knows" that airplanes move forward and dispense flares behind?
Kinematic discrimination
43
What IR seeker can see two definitive heat sources and can tell if one heat source is moving away from the other?
Spatial discrimination
44
What seeker has the ability to measure the intensity differences between two heat sources into identify a flares rise time?
Temporal discrimination
45
What does the acronym radar stand for?
Radio detection and ranging
46
What is the primary reason for early warning radars?
To provide early warning of incoming bomber raids
47
What are the four basic types of information as we get from a radar?
Azimuth
Range
Altitude
Velocity
48
What refers to the direction of the target in relation to the radar?
Azimuth
49
What refers to the distance to the target from the radar?
Range
50
What measurement is range usually expressed in?
Nautical miles
51
What refers to the height of a target above the ground?
Altitude
52
What refers to the speed in the direction and object is moving towards or away from another object?
Velocity
53
What are the components of a radar?
Transmitter
Antenna
Receiver
Display
54
What supplies energy to the antenna in the form of a high energy electrical signal?
Transmitter
55
What receives the energy that is bounced back and sends it to the receiver?
Antenna
56
What are the two main types of radar antennas?
Parabolic
| Phased array
57
What converts the return energy into a usable form and performs calculations?
Receiver
58
What shows a graphical representation to the radar operator of the energy that bounced back from the target?
Display
59
What is a sudden rise and fall of voltage or current?
Pulse
60
What is the measurement of the time. Of a pulse?
Pulse width
61
What is a time measurement that represents the lapsed time from the beginning of one pulse to the beginning of the next pulse?
Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI)
62
What refers to the measure of the number of pulses in one second?
Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF)
63
What refers to the horizontal and vertical thickness of the radar beam?
Beam width
64
What refers to the measurement of the radars ability the pick up details and display them on the scope?
Angular resolution
65
What refers to two or more waves that begin and in their cycles at the same time?
In phase
66
What refers to two or more waves not starting at the same time?
Out of phase
67
What type of radar emits a continuous uninterrupted stream of radar energy?
Continuous wave radar
68
What are the two primary types of continuous wave radars?
Unmodulated continuous wave radar
| Modulated continuous wave radar
69
What radars can determine azimuth and altitude but are unable to determine range?
Unmodulated radars
70
What radars are capable of determining azimuth, altitude and range?
Modulated radars
71
What radar since a pulse of energy into the air, pauses, and then sends out another pulse?
Pulsed radar
72
Pulsed radars can provide what?
Range and Azimuth
73
What radar performs just like a post radar and that it transmits its energy in pulses rather than a continuous wave but it also includes Doppler technology?
Pulsed Doppler radar
74
What radar uses multiple intent is to look at different yet overlapping areas?
Monopulsed radar
75
What refers to the change in frequency depending on the relative motion between the radar and target?
Doppler principal
76
What are the two greatest factors in determining the amount of radar energy something will return?
Geometric shape and material
77
What refers to the measurement of the size of a target when it is being looked at by a radar?
Radar cross-section(RCS)
78
What is radar cross-section measured in?
Meters squared
79
What describes the way the radar wave travels through air?
Polarization
80
What polarization have waves that constantly stay along a single line?
Linear polarization
81
What are the two main radar missile seeker types?
Command and homing guidance
82
What Radars are usually large high-powered radars which can detect objects at very long ranges?
Early warning
83
What radars are designed to provide sufficient accurate target aircraft range, azimuth, and altitude information for use in directing air intercept assets to destroy attacking aircraft?
Ground control intercept (GCI)
84
What radars have only one purpose to determine at what altitude at target is flying?
Height finder (HF)
85
What radars are usually lower powered and have a smaller range then EW radars?
Acquisition
86
What radars are typically used to tell the operator if the target is close enough to shoot?
Range only radars (ROR)
87
What radars perform search in TrackR functions and provide guidance to the aircraft air to air weapons?
Air intercept radars (AI)
88
What refers to a radar scanning the sky?
Search
89
What mode Willy radar go into went to target has been found in the radar operator wants to get precise location data on the target?
Track
90
What refers to the tracking of multiple targets in engaging them all at the same time?
Multi-targeting
91
This is a capability for a radar to search in track objects below its own altitude:
Look-down shoot-down
92
What has the ability of the radar to guide a air to air missile to a target when the target is below the shooter?
Shoot-down
93
What two types of technology are used to protect against radar threats?
Chaff
| Radar jamming
94
What are the three different types of noise jamming?
Barrage jamming
Spot jamming
Sweep jamming
95
What uses intentional radiation of radio waves to interfere with the operation of a radar by saturating it's receiver was false targets or false target information?
Radar jamming
96
What are the two kinds of radar jamming?
Noise and deception
97
What uses complex circuits to process and retransmit jamming pulses that appear as a real target to a victim radar
Deception Jimmy
98
What relies on high power levels to saturate the radar antenna and tonight information to the radar such as range azimuth and elevation?
Noise jamming
99
What type of jamming emits the jamming signal over a wide spectrum of energy?
Barrage Jamming
100
What type of noise jamming is discreet and emits only in selected energy bands affecting only selected sensors?
Spot jamming
101
What type of noise jamming rapidly moves up and down the frequency range while emitting the jamming energy?
Sweep jamming
102
What type of jamming can use either noise or deception jamming depending on what will be more effective against his target radar?
Hybrid jamming
103
What type of jamming is intended to degrade the accuracy of GPS guidance for weapons or to confuse aircrew on their positions?
Global positioning system jamming
104
What devices are designed to look more like an aircraft to an enemy radar and then the actual aircraft itself
Decoy systems
105
What is one of the most widely used in effective means of countering radars?
Chaff
106
What other tactic can be applied by aircraft to avoid radar?
Maneuvers
