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Ortho > Block 4 Cram > Flashcards

Block 4 Cram Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

MC carpal bone Fx what and where

A

Scaphoid

@ Waist

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2
Q

Scaphoid Fx can cause what 2 things ; why

A

Osteonecrosis and Non Union

=Dec blood supply

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3
Q

Physical Exam for hook of hamate might have what

A

Ulnar neuropathy

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4
Q

TXM for hook of hamate

A

Splint non op 1st then op if no improvement

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5
Q

TXM for schaphoid cascade

A

Tender w/o Fx = Thumb Spica Splint R2 PF @ 7–14 days

Still Tender w/ no Fx = MRI and R2 splint

Still Tender w/ Fx = Spica Cast x 6 weeks

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6
Q

Where are hand sprains and dislocations commonly

A

Collateral ligaments

Volar Plate

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7
Q

MC place for hand sprain

A

PIP tear

And UCL gamekeepers tear

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8
Q

TXM hand sprain

A

NON Op
Splint for collateral ligs
Incomplete UCL = Thumb spica cast

OP
Complete UCL
Unreducable

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9
Q

What is a Colles Fx

A

Fall on down hand
Extra Articular + Apex Volar

MC Distal Radial Fx

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10
Q

Reverse Colles AKA

A

Smith

Extra Articular + Apex Dorsal

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11
Q

Describe Bartons

A

Intra Articular + Subluxed carpals

“Land Slide”

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12
Q

Chauffeurs description

A

Oblique radial styloid

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13
Q

Dye punch description

A

Depressed opposite lunate or scaphoid

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14
Q

Metacarpal MC Fx

A

5th MC Boxer Fx

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15
Q

What part of the finger is commonly Fx

A

Distal phalanx

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16
Q

TXM for metacarpal phalnageal (boxer) Fx

A

Boxer 10-15 degrees angulation or greater than 15 degree without extension lag = Ulnar gutter splint

Greater than 40 degrees w/ extension lag = reduction with cast immobilization

Op: displaced metacarpal + phalangeal shaft + ALL Intra Art w greater 1 mm displacement

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17
Q

Modality ; PF Bone Scan MRI with times to show changes

A

PF = 2-4 weeks

Bone Scan = 24-48 hours

MRI = 72 hours

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18
Q

Stable non displaced stress Fx gets what txm

A

WB @ 6 weeks

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19
Q

Stable min displaced pelvis gets what txm

A

WB @ 4-6 weeks

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20
Q

Best indication for OP UE/LE TXM

A

Unstable and Displaced

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21
Q

What do you need to check for pelvic Fx injury

A

Neurovascular exam of the spinal nerve

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22
Q

When can you not perform a FOLEY for pelvic injury

A

Perineal or Anal Blood

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23
Q

Positive tests for proximal femur Fx

A

LOG ROLL

Cant straight leg raise

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24
Q

TXM for proximal femur Fx

A

Common surgery 48 hours

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25
Best image for Peds tibia
CT
26
Lisfranc is where and where is CRITICAL
Tarsometatarsal joint | 2nd
27
Metatarsal Zones
``` 1 = pseudo 2= jones 3 = diaphyseal only ```
28
Which metartarsal zone requires surgery
3 + greater than 4mm or 10 degrees angulation Surgery = formal closed or open reduction
29
NON OP metatarsal Fx txm
6 weeks immobilization
30
Foot ankle stress Fx is aka
MARCH
31
Foot ankle stress Fx triad
Amenorrhea Osteopenia Disordered eating
32
TXM for foot and ankle stress FX
Wt berating CAM boot 4 weeks Calc/Fib = wt bearing 2-4 weeks Nav/5th MT = no wt. bearing weeks
33
Sesamoid of the foot MC where?
1st MTP Joint and there are 2 MC medial side
34
TXM sesamoids
Wt bearing in boot 4 weeks then—> high toe shoe then—> MT pad 6 months
35
Sesamoid plantar plate rupture gets what TXM
Surgery
36
Adv outcome of sesasmoid FX
Hallux Rigidis
37
Check what for calcaneal talus fx and what is the best txm
Spine Surgery!! ALL!
38
Best image for maisonneve fx
Prox Tib Fib PF
39
Stable distal fib / ankle fx gets what txm
WB cast 4-6 weeks
40
Unstable non displaced fx gets what txm
Non Wt. Bearing cast
41
Unstable displaced ankle fx gets what txm
ORIF
42
bone scan COLD MRI w bone marrow edema =
Bipartite Sesamoid
43
What femoral neck fx is operative
Tension gets internal fixation
44
Compression fem neck stress fx is where and gets what TXM
INFERIOR Non op No Wt. Bearing 6-8 weeks
45
Post Hip vs Ant Hip Dislocation
Posterior = FADDIR Anterior = FABER
46
Humeral shaft concerned for what nerve
Radial
47
Distal humerus concern for what nerve
Ulnar
48
Olecronon fx concern for what nerve
ULNAR
49
Hamate fx concern for what nerve
ULNAR
50
Distal radius fx concern for what nerve
MEDIAN
51
Special view for radial head fx
Greenspan
52
NON op adverse outcomes UE
Non union Malunion
53
MC place on clavicle fx
Mid
54
TXM for clavicle fx
Fig 8 strap 6-8 weeks = adults 3-4 weeks = kids OP: 2cm or more of shortening open w neurovscaular injury
55
Who is at risk for proximal humerus fx
Young elderly w osteoporosis
56
Prox humerus Non OP Fx txm
Less than 1 cm displaced in sling for 3 weeks then ROM w/ 6 wks of strengthening
57
OP TXM for prox humerus fx occurs with what MOI
2 part = MC Greater than 0.5 cm displaced 3/4 part
58
Stable distal humerus fx txm non op
10 day splint then r2 image
59
Why do we provide op txm for distal humerus fx
Fixation for early ROM
60
Terrible triad of radial head
Elbow LCL dislocated Coronoid radial head fx Instability
61
Club foot is AKA what
Talipes Eq Varus
62
What are the characteristics of club foot
C avus @ midshaft A DDuct forefoot V arus heel E quinus @ the ankle
63
Primary club foot =
Flexible
64
Secondary club foot =
Rigid
65
TXM for club foot
NON Op = TXM of choice Ponsetti Cast and Achilles release Brace 3 months and night brace 3 years OP = Older; soft tissue release
66
3 types of Cavus foot deformity
PES CAVUS CAVOVARUS EQUINOVARUS
67
Fore ft EQUINOVARUS and Hind ft varus =
CAVOVARUS
68
Hind ft and Fore ft Equinos + Hindft varus =
Equinocavovarus
69
What is the MEARY angle
WB-AP/Lat for Cavus foot Shows= inc angle b/w talus and 1 st MT
70
Calcaneal apophysistis gets what image
AP/Lat Foot | Shows sclerosis 2ndary OA
71
NON OP TXM for calcaneal apophysitis
Activity mods 1/4 inch heel lifts with cushion Then if refractory = 4-6 weeks cast
72
What image is best for accessory navicular os views
AP/Lat Oblique Wt. Bearing PF
73
PE for accessory navicular
Inversion pain | +/- pes planus
74
Best imaging for os trigonum
AP/Lat PF
75
Os trigonum has pain where
B/w talus and tibia Posterior
76
Flat foot tests
Jack test = ext great toe Stand on toes
77
3 causes of a rigid flat foot
Congenital nMSK Inflammatory
78
What is the position of the forefoot in flat foot
ABDUCTED with Wt. Bearing
79
Phys exam for metatarsus adductus
Adduction of the fore ft hind ft convex lateral foot Wandering great toe
80
Osteochondral leasions of the talus tests (2)
Ant drawer Talar Tilt
81
TXM for osteaochondral lesion
NON OP Skel immature = immobilization OP Older = surgery
82
What is still in tact with a osteochondral lesion of the talus
Ligaments and subtalar joint
83
MC reason for radial head injury
FOOSH
84
Where are PF focusing in C spine Fx
C1- T1
85
SALTER HARRIS Classes
``` S traight across A way from the joint L owered into the joint T hru both sides R ammed ```
86
Turf toe has how many grades
3
87
What grade turf toe gets stiff shoe non op txm
1-2
88
Grade 3 turf toe txm
Profile WB immobile 2 weeks 4-6 weeks no play
89
Stable thoracic lumbar fx gets what txm for non op
Brace 8-10 weeks
90
Sesamoiditis affects what tendon
Flexor hallucis brevis tendon
91
Sesmoiditis has pain where
Dorsiflexion extension of 1st MT head
92
Foot metatarsalgia affects what toes
2-5 ONLY
93
NON OP TXM interdigital neuroma
Low heel Wide toe shoe Decompression pad Steroid
94
Interdigital Neuro me has pain where
Plantar pain w dysethesia
95
Halux valgus s/sxs
Callus on medial aspect and numbness with 1st MTP prominence
96
MC arthritis in toes
Great toe Hallux Rigidis
97
Ankle sprain TXM protocol
NSAIDS rest ROM + Strength (2-4 weeks) Proprioception Agility (4-6 weeks)
98
Chornic ankle sprain can lead to what
Perineal tendon subluxation
99
What is the acronym for claw toe
Fix Flex Flex MTP PIP DIP
100
What is the acronym for HAMMAR toe
Flex Fix MTP PIP DIP

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