Block 4 Exam Flashcards
(38 cards)
Explain the requirements for VOR checks and the 3 ways you can complete a check
- 91.171 - Must be maintained, checked and inspected under an approved procedure, or has been operationally check within 30 days and was found to be within limits
- TO CHECK:
1. Dual VORs
2. Airport test signal (VOT) or ground checkpoints
3. Airborne checkpoints
What are the 3 types of NDB Facilities and their SSVs?
HH (High Homing) - 75nm
H (Homing) - 50nm
MH (Middle Homing) - 25nm
What are the 2 NDB Compass Locator (ILS) facilities and their SSV?
- LOM (Locator Outer Marker)
- LMM (Locator Middle Marker)
- 15nm for both, considered LOW homing
How does a conventional VOR determine a/c location?
- 2 signals sent out that coordinate you location on one of the 360 radials
- 1st signal pinpoints the radial you are on
- 2nd signal determines whether you are TO/FR the station
Why is it important to know the VOR Standard Service Volumes?
- It is the range in which you are gaurunteed a reliable reception without interference
What are the 3 classes of VORs?
- Terminal (T)
- Low (L)
- High (H)
What is the SSV of a Terminal (T) VOR?
- Least Powerful
- 1,000’-12,000’ AGL
- 25nm Radius
What is the SSV of a Low (L) VOR?
- 1,000’-18,000’ AGL
- 40nm Radius
What is the SSV of a High (H) VOR?
- 4 Separate “Shelves”
- 1,000’-14,500’ AGL, 40nm Radius
- 14,500’-18,000’ AGL, 100nm Radius
- 18,000’-45,000’ AGL, 130nm Radius
- 45,000’-60,000’ AGL, 100nm Radius
Where will the HSI’s indication flag always point?
THE STATION (like an RMI)
What will occur in the zone of ambiguity?
Your TO/FR flag indication will disappear, as you are crossing a radial that is exactly 90 degrees from the course you have set!
What occurs in the cone of confusion?
The deflection needle will jump back and forth rapidly, as you are flying directly over the station!
What does the range of a VOR depend on? What can interfere with VOR transmission?
- “Line of Sight”
- Terrain
- Location of the facility
- Class of the facility
What is a good way to combat VOR needle sensitivity and remain on the proper course as you approach a VOR station?
- HOLD YOUR HEADING!
What is an RMI?
Radio Magnetic Indicator…essentially a heading indicator with needles that point to and from different NAVAIDS
What is a rule of thumb for TRACKING a VOR when you are blown off course?
- Double the degrees you are blown off course and correct for that to get the best heading to turn to intercepting your course again
Describe HOMING to a VOR?
- Simply keeping the head of the RMI needle lined up with your heading
LOW frequency navaids/equipment are subject to more ____ than those that use high frequency.
- Interference
What types of Interference can affect low frequency NDBs?
- Shoreline Effect
- Nighttime
- etc
What is the SSV for a Localizer?
- 2 “Shelves”
- 35 degrees either side of centerline, extends up runway for 10nm
- 10 degrees either side of centerline, extends up runway for 18nm
What is the standard WIDTH of a Localizer?
- 3-6 degrees, varies, not published
- Beam is always 700ft wide at the Threshold
How does a DME determine a/c location from the station?
- A/c (airborne) sends signal to receiver (ground), the station transponder interrogates the signal and then sends it back to the a/c
- The TIME it takes for the a/c to receive the signal back is measured and used to determine a/c location from the station
(timing of radio pulses)
What is Slant Range?
The distance between the AIRBORNE a/c and the station on the ground
How does Slant Range error change with proximity to the ground station?
- As the a/c gets close the the station, Slant Range Error will increase due to the vertical distance to the station remaining the same with altitude, while horizontal distance from the station decreases with proximity
