Block D

Question 1

Which of the following are not barriers to viral infection?
Ciliated epithelial cells
Hair
Skin
Gastric acid
Bile

Answer 1

Hair

Question 2

Which of the following is not a non-specific antiviral response?
Interferon
T-cell response
Macrophages
Fever

Answer 2

T cell response

Question 3

Which of the following is the final step in the viral disease process?
Initiation
Acquisition
Infection
Incubation

Answer 3

Infection

Question 4

Enveloped viruses usually produce what kind of infections?

Answer 4

Persistent

Question 5

Which viral group are the most susceptible to environmental damage?

Answer 5

Retroviruses

Question 6

Viral replication is independent of…

Answer 6

The host cell’s DNA

Question 7

Viral replication is dependent on…

Answer 7

The host cell’s enzymes and metabolism

Question 8

Viral replication occurs

Answer 8

Intracellularly

Question 9

Many viruses contain their own…

Answer 9

Nucleic acid polymerases

Question 10

Some viral capsids display ________ symmetry

Answer 10

Some viral capsids display ICOSAHEDRAL symmetry

Question 11

What is an example of an enveloped group of viruses?

Answer 11

Orthomyxoviruses

Question 12

After a viral infection, the period before progeny viruses are released from the host is known as the?

Answer 12

Latent period

Question 13

Which enzyme is required to convert RNA into RNA

Answer 13

RNA dependent RNA polymerase

Question 14

Reoviruses have what kind of genome?

Answer 14

dsRNA

Question 15

Retroviruses have what kind of genome?

Answer 15

ssRNA (+) sense with dsDNA intermediate

Question 16

Give 4 examples of proteins that are encoded by viral nucleic acid

Answer 16

Lysozyme
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
Neuraminidase

Question 17

Which process occurs during the eclipse phase of a viral infection?

Answer 17

Genome replication

Question 18

Reverse transcriptase is an

Answer 18

RNA-dependent DNA polymerase

Question 19

Naked viruses exit infected cells by

Answer 19

Lysis

Question 20

In terms of metabolism, viruses are…

Answer 20

Inert

Question 21

Retriction is

Answer 21

A general host mechanism to prevent the invasion of foreign nucleic acid

Question 22

Bacteriophage genomes are typically composed of

Answer 22

double-stranded DNA

Question 23

A virus that kills its host is said to be

Answer 23

Lytic or virulent

Question 24

The packaging mechanism of T4 DNA involves cutting of DNA from

Answer 24

DNA concatemers

Question 25

A prophage replicates...

Answer 25

...along with its host while the lytic genes are not expressed

Question 26

The virus repressor protein...

Answer 26

...controls both the lytic genes on the prophage and prevents integration of an incoming virus of the same type

Question 27

Lambda is a temperate phage that replicates...

Answer 27

...its double-stranded DNA genome with a rolling corcle mechanism

Question 28

Rolling circle replication of the lambda genome differs from replication of a bacterial chromosome because...

Answer 28

bidirectional replication forks are not formed

Question 29

The tropism of a virus refers to?

Answer 29

The tissue infected by the virus

Question 30

Give 4 examples of processes that affect viral cytopathologic ability

Answer 30

Cellular permissiveness for viral replication Accumulation of toxic viral proteins Apoptosis Changes in the macromolecules synthesis

Question 31

What is viremia

Answer 31

The presence of viruses in the blood

Question 32

Viruses often cause inclusion bodies in the cells, name 4 examples

Answer 32

Negri Cowdy type a Owls eye Intranuclear basophilic bodies

Question 33

Give 4 exmaples of things that affect the severity of viral disease

Answer 33

Age of host Viral load General health of host Immune status of host

Question 34

In order for viruses to be trasnmitted as an aerosol they must be resistant to

Answer 34

Drying (desiccation)

Question 35

Give 4 examples of risk factors for viral acquisition

Answer 35

Age Sexual contact Travel history Occupation

Question 36

Viruses that affect bacteria are known as?

Answer 36

Bacteriophages

Question 37

A zone of clearing in a lawn of an organism caused by a virus is known as a...

Answer 37

Plaque

Question 38

Apporximately how many bacteriophage particles are in 1ml of seawater

Answer 38

10 million

Question 39

The co repressor controls...

Answer 39

Activation of lytic events

Question 40

Phage capsids are made of...

Answer 40

Protein