Block Seven Flashcards
Body Systems Part 1 (55 cards)
Integumentary
The body system that includes the skin and its glands, the hair, and the nails and acts to protect the body from various kinds of damage, such as loss of water or abrasion from outside.
Epidermis
The outer layer of cells covering an organism, in particular.
Dermis
The middle layer of the skin which consists of connective tissue, blood vessels, oil and sweat glands, nerves, hair follicles, and other structures.
Subcutaneous Tissue
The bottom layer of skin made of connective tissue and fat.
Decubitus
Relating to an ulcer/sore; a difficult-to-heal (and possibly fatal) sore that forms when part of the body presses against a surface for a long period of time, cutting off the oxygen supply to the tissues. (Pressure Injury/Ulcer/Sore)
Inflammation
The body’s immunological defense against injury, infection, or allergy often causes redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function.
Lice
Parasitic insects found on the heads of people. Head lice infection is very common and easily acquired by coming in close contact with someone who has head lice, infested clothing, or infested belongings. Also known as pediculosis.
Rash
A temporary eruption of a group of lesions on the skin.
Scabies
A contagious skin disease marked by itching and small raised red spots, caused by the itch mite.
Muscle
A body tissue consisting of long cells that contract when stimulated and produce motion.
Bone
A hard rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton and composed of mostly calcium.
Ligament
A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.
Tendon
A flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to the bone.
Joint
A structure in the human or animal body at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together.
Atrophy
The wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use.
Contracture
The permanent and often painful shortening of a muscle or tendon, usually due to lack of activity.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
A chronic progressive auto-immune disease - causing inflammation in the joints and resulting in painful deformity and immobility, especially in the fingers, wrists, feet, and ankles.
Osteoarthritis
A common type of arthritis that usually affects the hips, knees, fingers, thumbs, and spine; also called degenerative joint disease (DJD) or degenerative arthritis.
Hip Fracture
Broken bone in the hip, a key health problem among the elderly, usually due to a fall or other kind of trauma involving direct impact to the hip bone which has been weakened by osteoarthritis.
Hip Replacement
A type of surgery that involves the removal of the damaged hip joint and surrounding cartilage and replacement with a prosthesis.
Knee Replacement
A surgical procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve pain and disability.
Weight bearing
The amount of support or weight a resident can put on their lower extremities; supporting the weight of their body.
Partial Weight Bearing (PWB)
A doctor’s order stating that a person is able to support some body weight on one or both legs.
Non-Weight Bearing (NWB)
A doctor’s order stating that a person is unable to touch the floor or support any body weight on one or both legs.
