BLOOD Flashcards
Why do multicellular organisms need a transport system?
Because they have smaller SA:V ratio
What are the 4 components of blood?
Plasma, RBC, WBC, platelets
What is plasma?
The liquid part of blood which is a dilute solution of salts, glucose, amino acids, vitamins, urea, proteins.
What is the function of RBCs?
To carry oxygen around the body.
What is the function of WBC?
To assist in immune response.
What is the function of platelets?
To clot blood preventing infection from foreign pathogens.
What is the function of a phagocyte?
To engulf and destroy pathogens
What is the function of a lymphocyte?
To release antibodies and to bind to and neutralise pathogens.
What are 3 adaptations of RBCs?
- Biconcave shape increases surface area to carry oxygen and also gives cell flexibility.
- No nucleus meaning more space for haemoglobin
- Contains haemoglobin which assists in carrying oxygen
What are the effects of CHD?
Fatty deposits cause a blockage in the coronary arteries preventing oxygen and glucose from reaching the cardiac muscle in the heart. This prevents aerobic respiration meaning the muscle cells start respiring anaerobically, overproducing lactic acid and therefore causing muscle cells to die; heart attack.
What are the three types of blood vessels?
Vein, artery, capillary.
What are the four functions of the circulatory system?
- To provide oxygen to cells for respiration.
- To remove carbon dioxide
- To transport nutrients from the gut
- To transport urea to the kidneys.
