Blood and Erythropoiesis Flashcards
(25 cards)
Types of granulocytes
- neutrophils
- eosinophils
- basophils
Identification of neutrophil
- 2-5 lobes, connected by thin strands
- poorly staining with small granules
- pebbly cytoplasm
- highly phagocytic (created pus)
Abundance of leukocytes
- Neutrophils (50-70%)
- Leukocytes (25-28%)
- Monocytes (6-8%)
- Eosinophils (1.5-5%)
- Basophils (0.1-0.5%)
Platelet features
- from megakaryocytes
- clear outer hyalomere with basophilic stippling
Eosinophil appearance/characteristics
- 2-3 lobes
- big eosinophilic granules
- heterochromatic, bilobed nucleus
- distinct crystalloid visible [MAJOR BASIC PROTEIN]
- antiparasitic
Basophil
- 2 poorly defined lobes
- large, dark purple granules that obscure the nuclear outline
- degranulated when activated
- increase permeability of small blood vessels
- derived from bone marrow
Agranulocytes
- monocytes
- lymphocytes
Monocyte characteristics
- lacey chromatin
- largest WBC
- gives rise to: CT macrophages, osteoclasts, alveolar macrophages, Kupffer cells
- U shaped nucleus
- large, pale vacuoles by LM
- well developed Golgi by EM
Macrophage characteristics
- larger and more irregularly shaped than monocytes
- pale cells with euchromatic nucleus and lots of phagocytosed material in cytoplasm
- many phagosomes, active plasma membrane, many secondary lysosomes
Lymphocyte characteristics
- inactive: small; round/kidney bean nucleus, highly heterochromatic and marginated along nuclear membrane
- size of erythrocyte
- active: large, more euchromatic with SMUDGED chromatin pattern
- B cells, T cells, NK cells
Plasma cells
- very basophilic with abundant cytoplasm
- golgi is a pale region near nucleus
- eccentric and very heterochromatic nucleus
- clockface appearance of DNA
- Russel body cell
Russel body cell
Antibody concentrated in swollen RER cisternae
-found in plasma cells
Mature RBC development
- Proerythroblast
- Basophilic erythroblast
- Polychromatophilic erythroblast
- Orthochromatophilic erythroblast
- Reticulocyte
- Erythrocyte
Vascular compartment
-sinusoids lined with leaky, flat epithelial cells
Hematopoietic component
Reticular/adventitial cells and macrophages
-lipid in yellow marrow
Pluripotential stem cells/hematopoietic stem cells
Look like lymphocytes with small, round, basophilic cytoplasm
-1 daughter cells stays a stem cell and the other differentiates
Monophyletic theory
1 daughter cells stays a stem cell and the other differentiates
Proerythroblasts
1
-moderately basophilic cytoplasm b/c of free ribosomes
Basophilic erythroblast
2
- basophilic cytoplasm (polyribosomes)
- royal blue cytoplasm
- may have pale cytocentrum and small number of azurophilic granules
Polychromatophilic erythroblasts
3
- purple and pink cytoplasm (polyribosomes and hemoglobin)
- no nucleolus but condensed chromatin
- checkerboard pattern
- last mitotic stage
Orthochromatophilic erythroblast
4 (normoblast)
- eosinophilic cytoplasm (lots of hemoglobin)
- very few mitochondria and polyribosomes
- compact nucleus
- can see nucleus pushing out in late stages
Reticulocyte
- no nucleus
- some ribosomes present that can be seen by brilliant cresyl blue stain
Erythrocyte
- can no longer transport iron, glucose, and AA
- No nucleus or cytoplasmic organelles
Hematopoiesis before birth
- Yolk sac: nucleated RBCs formed in blood islands
- Liver: anucleate RBCs formed
(Bone marrow after birth)
