Blood and Organs - Unit 4 (2/2)

Question 1

what are the bloods 4 main components

Answer 1

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Plasma
Platelets

Question 2

what do red blood cells transport

Answer 2

Transport oxygen from the lungs to cells in the body

Question 3

what is the oxygen in the red blood cells used for

Answer 3

The oxygen is used for aerobic respiration

Question 4

word equation for red blood cells

Answer 4

Glucose + oxygen → Carbon dioxide + water

Question 5

where does aerobic respiration occur

Answer 5

Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria, and is very efficient, releasing more energy than anaerobic respiration (respiration without oxygen)

Question 6

what are white blood cells

Answer 6

they are part of your immune system

Question 7

2 type of white blood cells

Answer 7

phagocytes and lymphocytes

Question 8

what do the white blood cells do

Answer 8

defend your body againt pathogens

Question 9

what is a pathogen

Answer 9

a microorganism that causes disease

Question 10

what color is plasma

Answer 10

a yellow fluid

Question 11

what does plasma do

Answer 11

Plasma carries the substances in your blood

Question 12

what substances does plasma carry

Answer 12

white blood cells, red blood cells and plateles

Question 13

what is urea

Answer 13

Urea is a waste product which is transported from the liver where it is produced to the kidneys where it is removed in urine

Question 14

what does plasma transport

Answer 14

carbon dioixde, glucos, amino acids, urea & hormones

Question 15

give an adaptation of red blood cells

Answer 15

biconcave shape to give a large surface area

Question 16

give another adaptation of red blood cells

Answer 16

contain haemoglobin

Question 17

give another adaptation of red blood cells

Answer 17

no nucleus

Question 18

what do phagocytes do

Answer 18

phagocytes lets thing that are forbidden in the body such as pathogens

Question 19

what do lymphocytes do

Answer 19

lymphocytes destroy specific pathogens, by recognisizing antigens

Question 20

what do lymphocytes produce

Answer 20

they produce anti bodies

Question 21

how many septums is the heart devided into

Answer 21

two diffrent septums

Question 22

what does the right side of the heart do

Answer 22

the right side of the heart pumps blood into the lungs

Question 23

what type of blood passes through the right side of the heart

Answer 23

deoxygenated

Question 24

what do the left side of the heart do

Answer 24

the left side of the heart pumps blood into the body

Question 25

what type of blood passing through the left side of the heart is

Answer 25

oxygenated

Question 26

what wall is thicker the left or right side

Answer 26

left side

Question 27

what does the aorta do

Answer 27

delvers oxygentated blood to the whole body. carries the blood at high preassures

Question 28

what does the pulmonary artery do

Answer 28

it takes deoxygentaed blood to the lungs

Question 29

vena cava

Answer 29

bring back deoxygenated blood from the body

Question 30

pulmonary vein

Answer 30

the pulmonary vein brings back oxygenated from the lungs

Question 31

why does the the left ventricle have thicker walls

Answer 31

it needs more muscle because it has to pump blood around the whole body

Question 32

where does the vena cave take blood to

Answer 32

body to heart

Question 33

where does the aorta take blood to

Answer 33

heart to body

Question 34

where does the pulmonary artery take blood to

Answer 34

heart to lungs

Question 35

where does the hepatic artery take blood to

Answer 35

to the liver

Question 36

where does the hepatic vein take blood to

Answer 36

away from the liver

Question 37

where does the hepatic portal vein take blood to

Answer 37

gut to liver

Question 38

where does the renal artery take blood to

Answer 38

to the kidneys

Question 39

where does the renal vien take blood to

Answer 39

from kidneys

Question 40

give 3 types of blood vessels

Answer 40

arteries veins capillaries

Question 41

what do the arteries do

Answer 41

carry blood away from heart

Question 42

what do viens do

Answer 42

carry blood back to heart

Question 43

what do capillaries do

Answer 43

where exchange of materials between blood/tissues occur

Question 44

do arteries have thick or thin walls

Answer 44

arteries have thick muscular walls

Question 45

why do they have thick muscular walls

Answer 45

this is because they need to transport blood at high pressures around the body

Question 46

what type of walls do veins have

Answer 46

thin walls

Question 47

and what type of lumen

Answer 47

wider lumen

Question 48

why do veins have valves

Answer 48

veins have valved to prevent the backflow of blood

Question 49

describe capillaries

Answer 49

capillaries are much smalled they carry blood lose to every cell

Question 50

what happens during exercise

Answer 50

during excercise muscles require more energy, more respiration and most importantly more oxygen is requiered and co2 needs to be removed

Question 51

what is adrenaline

Answer 51

Adrenaline is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands when an organism feels threatened.

Question 52

what is a hormone

Answer 52

a hormone is a chemical produced by a gland which travels in the blood

Question 53

how to measure your heart rate

Answer 53

place finger on neck or wrist and count the number of beats in 1 minute

Question 54

what is CHD

Answer 54

CHD is short for coronary heart disease

Question 55

when does CHD occur

Answer 55

CHD occurs when the coronary arteries which supply the heart with oxygenated blood gets blocked

Question 56

how is CHD caused

Answer 56

its cause by a build up of fatty deposits in the arteries

Question 57

What happens to the arteries when you have CHD

Answer 57

this causes the arteries to become narrower

Question 58

what factors may cause CHD

Answer 58

A risk factor includes smoking, lack of excercise and a diet high in fat

Question 59

what does a build up of fatty deposits mean

Answer 59

a build of fatty deposits means that the heart muscle recieves less blood, therefore less oxygen.

Question 60

what heppens when you recieve less oxygen

Answer 60

when the heart musscles recieve less oxygen it redueces aerobic respiration so muscle cells have to respire anaerobically

Question 61

how can CHD be treated

Answer 61

CHD gets treated with stents, which open up the coronary arteries

Question 62

what happens to babies born with a hole in the heart (septum)

Answer 62

this means oxygenated blood from the left side and deoxygenated blood can mic meaning less oxygen will be transported around the babies body, it automatically leads to less respiration, so less energy available for growth. it could also mean that the cells would die

Question 63

give 3 excretory products

Answer 63

urea, carbon dioxide, and waste products in sweat

Question 64

what organs remove urea, carbon dioxide, and waste products in sweat

Answer 64

kidneys, lungs, skin

Question 65

what is urea

Answer 65

urea is a waste product from excess amino acids

Question 66

where is urea produced

Answer 66

in the liver

Question 67

what is the excretory organ for urea

Answer 67

kidneys

Question 68

what is carbon dioxide

Answer 68

carbon dioxide is an excretory product from respiration

Question 69

where is carbon dioxide produced in cells

Answer 69

carbon dioxide is produced in cells and are transported to the lungs in the plasma in th e blood

Question 70

what is the excretory organ for carbon dioxide

Answer 70

the lungs

Question 71

how is the skin an excretory organ

Answer 71

The skin is an excretory organ because when we sweat our skin removes products which is mainly water

Question 72

what can sweat do

Answer 72

Sweat can also help us cool down when we are hot, we sweat more which evaporated from the skin

Question 73

where are waste products from respiration and photosynthesis removed from?

Answer 73

through the stomata