blood bank Flashcards
(193 cards)
0
Q
Absoprtion
A
Removal of specific antibody from a mixture of antibody using cell of known specificity
1
Q
ABO discepancy
A
ABO forward typing doesnt match backward typing
2
Q
Active immunization
A
Production of antibody after antigenic exposure or stimulation
3
Q
Additive
A
Added to red cells to extend shelf life up to 42 hours
4
Q
Adsol
A
As-1 fenwal corp
5
Q
Nutricel
A
As-2 medsep corp
6
Q
Optisol
A
As-3 terumo corp
7
Q
Aggamaglobulinemia
A
No antibodies
8
Q
Agglutination
A
Clumping of ag with ab. If red cell hemagglutinin
9
Q
Allele
A
Alternative form of of gene occupying a given locus
10
Q
Aminocentesis
A
Process of collecting amniotic fluid
11
Q
Amniotic fluid
A
Albuminous fluid in amniotic sac provides nutrients
12
Q
Amorph
A
Silent gene doesnt produce detectable antigen. Ex o gene
13
Q
Anamnestic response
A
Secondary immune response. Refers to production of antibody after secondary antigenic exposure
14
Q
Anaphylaxis
A
Severe allergic hypersensitivity by ab against IgA seen among IgA deficient exposed to it
15
Q
Antenatal
A
Before birth
16
Q
Antibody
A
Immunoglobulin protein substances secreted by plasma cells in response to agnic stimulation
17
Q
Alloantibody
A
Ab. Immune ab against foreign ag of same species
18
Q
Autoantibody
A
Ab against own self ag
19
Q
Atypical ab
A
Aka unexpected ab. Ab other than anti a and b
20
Q
Monoclonal ab
A
Ab derived from single clone of ag
21
Q
Polyclonal ab
A
Ab from more than 1 ab producing plasma cells
22
Q
Antibody potentiators
A
Rgts to speed up ag ab rxn
23
Q
Antibody screening test
A
Detect ab other than naturally occurring through use of completely phenotyped gr O cells
24
Antigen
Any foreign sub than induced ab prod
25
Antigenic
Relative ability of sub to illicit immune response
26
Antigram
Table of phenotyped O cells showing diff ag used to screen and identify immune ab
27
Antihuman globulin reagent (AHG)
Aka coomb's serum. Refers to secondary ab directed against human IgG or complement
28
Monospecific AHG
Targets either human IgG or complement C3
29
Polyspecific AHG
Targets both human IgG and complement C3
30
Antihuman globulin test (AGT)
Aka coomb's test. Method that uses ab directed against human globulins to aid in detection of rbcs sensitized by IgG alloantibodies, IgG autoantibodies and or complement components
31
AHG
Antihuman globulin reagent
32
AGT
Antihuman globulin test
33
Coomb's serum
AHG
34
Coomb's test
AGT
35
Direct antiglobulin test (DAT)
To detect in vivo cell sensitization
36
Indirect antiglobulin test (IAT)
Detect in vitro cell sensitization
37
DAT
Direct antiglobulin test
38
IAT
Indirect antiglobulin test
39
Antiserum
Commercially prepared rgt containing ab with known specificity
40
Apheresis
Method of blood collection in w/c whole blood is withdrawn and processed. Machine collects desired component the rest returned to donor
41
Plateletpheresis
Removal of plt
42
Leukopheresis
Removal of leukocytes
43
Plasmapheresis
Removal of plasma
44
Autoabsorption
Process of ab removal through use of pxn own ag
45
Autocontrol
PS-PR. Refers to testing patient serum for ab against his own red cells
Detect autoantibody
46
PS PR
Autocontrol. Detect own autoantibody
47
Avidity
Strength of ag ab rxns as influenced by charac feature of ag and ab
48
Biohazards
Damage health of living org
49
Biphasic hemolysin
Ab reactivity occurring in 2 phases
50
Blood bag
Single bag or interconnected multiple bags with tubings used in blood donation
51
Blood bank
Sec in lab safe blood to pxns thru blood screening, grouping and compatibility testing
52
Blood components
Diff cellular and liquid composition of blood separated by physical means
53
Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
Frozen plasma product contains all clotting factors
| Usually admin to pxns with clotting factor deficiencies other than hemophilia A, von willebrand, hypofibrinogenemia
54
FFP
Fresh frozen plasma
55
Packed RBC
Prep by separating the plasma from whole blood unit resulting to hematocrit level of approx 80%
56
Platelet concentrate
Plt removed from unrefrigerated fresh whole blood and stored for transfusion
57
Random platelet concentrate
Plt conc about 5.5 x 10^10 plt obtained manually through centrifugation
58
Single platelet concentrate
Plt conc containing about 3.0 x 10^11 plt by apheresis
59
Cryoprecipitate
Conc coagulated factor 8 and factor 1 extracted from freah frozen plasma
60
Factor concentrate
Blood component that includes prothrombin complexes, factor 8, factor 7 most commonly indicated in trauma, liver disease and oral anticoagulant toxicity
Rapid and relatively easy method of improving coagulation stability w/o risk of FFP transufsion, vol load or infectious complication
61
Frozen red cell
Rbc treated with cryoprotective agent kept in freezing temp
62
Rejuvinated red cell
Rbc treated by soln containing pyruvate, inosine, phosphate, adenine that restores 2,3 diphosphogylcerate and ATP to normal levels
63
Blood component preparation
Physical means like ref centrifugation to separate the diff cellular and liquid composition of whole blood
64
Open system
Manual blood component prep that limits use of blood to 24 hrs after exposure of blood to atmph
65
Closed system
Blood component prep usually used ref centrifuge. Longer period til exp date due to sterile intact blood bag
66
Blood filter
Device attached to a blood or blood component unit designed to retain unwanted cells, blood clots, or debris
67
Blood group specific soluble substances (BGSSs)
Soluble ag present in fluids that can neutralize their corresponding ab like lewis, P and ABO
68
BGSSs
Blood group specific soluble substances
69
Blood group system
Sys of classifying blood based on presence or absence of inherited antigenic sub on rbc ISBT recog 30
70
ISBT
International society of blood transfusion
71
Blood typing
Test to determine blood group system
72
Forward typing/ direct typing/ cell typing
Det of red cell ag through use kf antiserum of known specificity.
Aka red cell phenotyping
73
Backward typing/ indirect typing: serum typing
Det of serum or plasma ab using cell of known agenic profile
74
Blood warmer
To warm the blood to 4-6 deg celsius to body temp before infusion
75
Bombay phenotype (Oh)
Failure to express inherited a or b genes lack of h gene has anti h in serum
76
Bovine serum albumin
Main soluble protein in serum of cattle that used enzymatically inert proteins or neg control
77
Broad spectrum compatibility test
Most preferred method for crossmatching that includes 3 phases
Immediate spin, thermophase, AHG phase
78
Chimerism
Conditiom producing 2 cell populations in an individual
79
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)
Rare condition diff of phagocytic cells to release superoxide radicals needed in killing
May have recurring suppurative bacterial and fungal infections in early childhood
80
Coagulation factor
Subs present in plasma involved in clotting process
81
Factor 1
Fibrinogen
82
Factor 2
Prothrombin
83
Factor 3
Tissue factor
84
Factor 4
Calcium
85
Factor 5
Proaccelerin
86
Factor 6
Activated factor 5
87
Factor 7
Proconvertin
88
Factor 8
Antihemophilic factor A
89
Factor 9
Christmas factor
90
Factor 10
Stuart-Prower factor
91
Factor 11
Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
92
Factor 12
Hageman factor
93
Factor 13
Fibrin-stabilizing factor
94
Codon
Seq of 3 bases in a DNA that provides genetic code for specific amino acid
95
Compatibility test
Batch of test includes ABO and rh grouping, screening of serum for alloantibodies, and crossmatching
96
Compatible
Serologically inactive when mixed
97
Complement
Complex of plasma proteins
98
Component therapy
Transfusion of specific components rather than whole blood to treat a pxn
99
Coomb's control/ check cells
Ab coated cells used to confirm neg results obtained in direct and indirect antihuman globulin tests
100
Cord cells
Blood containing stem cells which are taken from the umbilical cord after childbirth
101
Corrected count increment
Computed value used to eval effectiveness of plt transfusion
102
Crossing over
Process of exchange of genetic material bet 2 homologous pairs of chromosome
103
Crossmatch
Testing of pxn blood against donor blood
104
Major crossmatch (PS DR)
Mixing of pxn serum and donor rbc
105
PS-DR
Major crossmatch
106
Minor crossmatch (PR-DS)
Mixing if pxn rbc and donor serum
107
PR-DS
Minor crossmatch
108
Immediate crossmatch (RS-DR)
Mix recepient's serum with donor rbc centrifuge immediately. Absence of hemolysis and agglutination compatible
109
RS-DR
Immediate crossmatch
110
Computerized crossmatch
Performed by comp
111
Abbreviated crossmatch
Type and screen coupled with immediate spin
112
Cryoprotective agent
Added to rbc protect against harmful effects of freezing temp
113
Cryptantigen
Hidden receptors that may be exposed when normal rbc membranes are altered by bac or viral enz
114
Deglycerolozation
Process of removing glycerol from unit of rbc afther thawing to return it to normal osmolarity
115
Deglycerolized red cell
Frozen red cell whose glycerol has been removed by several washings
116
Dextran
Plasma expander used as substitute for plasma
117
Direct exclusion
Genetic marker that is present in child but absent in mom and alleged dad
118
Dithiotreitol(DTT)
Sulfhydryl compound used to break down disulfide bonds of IgM
119
DTT
Dithiotreitol
120
DiMethyl SulfOxide (DMSO)
Biphasic IgG specifically directed to anti p found in pxns with paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH)
121
PCH
Paroxysmal cold hemmoglobinuria
122
Donation
Donate blood
123
Donor
One who gives
124
Voluntary blood donor
Free will
125
Paid blood donor
Paid
126
Walking blood donor
Prescreened donor who is in the list of quali voluntary donors and is fit to donate anytime in the community
127
Dosage
Phenomenon an ab reacts more strongly with rbc showing double dose of ag than those with single dose
128
Dye
Coloring subs
129
Blue dye
Dye that gives anti a blue color
130
Bromophenol blue
Blue dye
131
Thymol blue
Blue dye
132
Patent blue
Blue dye
133
Yellow dye
Dye gives anti b yellow color
134
Acriflavin
Yellow dye
135
Tartrazin yellow
Yellow dye
136
Green dye
Combi of blue and yellow dye that gives AHG green color
137
Eluate
Prod of deliberate manipulation of red cell suspension to break an immune cmplx with release of ab into surrounding medium
138
Enz
Capable of catalyzing rxn
139
Bromelin
Proteolytic enz from pinapple
140
Trypsin
Proteolytic enz formed human intestine
141
Ficin
Proteolytic enz formed in fig
142
Papain
Proteolytic enz from papaya
143
Erythroblastosis fetalis (HDN)
Immunologic incompatibility bet mum and fetus that can be fatal to fetus due to dest of rbc aka hydrops fetalis
144
Hydrops fetalis
Hdn
145
Exchange transfusion
Replacement of infant coated rbc with donor until 1 to 2 tot blood volumes are accomplished
146
Exposure
Person is likely to get foreign sub. In blood bank prac refers to either blood trans or preg
147
Febrile reaction
Transfusion rxn caused by leukoagglutinins charac by fever
148
Fetomaternal hemorrhage
Transplacental passages of fetal blood into circ of maternal org
149
Fibrin
Filamentous clot formed by action of thrombin to fibrinogen
150
Fibrinolysin
Aka plasmin. Sub that has ability to dissolve fibrin
151
Fibrinolysis
Process of dissolving fibrin due to action of fibrinolysin
152
Fibronectin
Type of large glycoprotein that is found on the surface of cells and mediates cellular adhesion
153
Gamma globulin
One of five types of immunoglobulin involved in immunity prod during second immune response
154
Gene
Unit of inheritance within a chromosome
155
Codoninant
Pair of genes neither is dominant over the other they are both expressed
156
Amorphic
Gene that doesnt appear to produce a detectable ag
157
Allelic
One or two or more diff genes that may occupy a specific locus on chromosome
158
Dominant
Gene expressed of present
159
Recessive
Not expressed unless in the homozygous form
160
Regulatory
Gene that produces a repressor sub that inhibits an operator gene
161
Supressor
Gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene (eps of mutant gene)
162
Gene locus
Spec place on a chromosome where gene is located
163
Cis-position
Gene on one chrom of homologous pair affects the actions of a rel gene on the same chrom
164
Trans-position
Gene on one chrom of a homologous pair affect the actions of a related gene on the other homolog
165
Genotype
A person's actual genetic makeup
166
Homozygous
Genetic state of having two similar genes for the same trait
167
Heterozygous
Genetic state of having 2 dissimilar genes for the same trait
168
Glycerol
Cryoprotective agent
169
Glycolipid
CHO attached lipid
170
Glycophorin
Sev related proteins that can project through the thickness of the cell mem of rbc
171
Glycerolization
Adding glycerol to rbc unit to prevent hemolysis of rbc while freezing
172
Glycoprotein
CHO plus protein
173
Glycosphingolipid
Sphingolipid containing sugar glucose or galactose
174
Glycosyl transferase
Enz needed to attach spec sugar mol to predet acceptor mol
175
Graft vs. Host disease (GVHD)
Intense and freq fatal immunologic rxn of engrafted cells against the host caused by the infusion of immunocompetent lymphocytes into indiv with impaired immunity
176
GVHD
Graft vs host dis
177
Granulocytopenia
Dec leukocytes in blood
178
Hapten
Very small sub to stimulate ab prod without attaching to larger mol
179
Haplotype
Genes that are close on the chrom and inherited together by an indiv
180
Hemodilution
Inc in vol of blood plasma resulting to reduced conc of rbc
181
Hemolysis
Dest of rbc with subsequent release of hemolgobin
182
Intravascular hemolysis
Dea of rbc within vessels of circ sys
183
Extravascular hemolysis
Des of rbc outside vessels. Ab coated rbc removed from circ by liver and spleen
184
Hemolytic anemia
Severe cond charac by low rbc count resulting from des of rbc
185
Immune hemolytic anemia
Shortened rbc life assoc with hemolysis mediated by humoral anti body
186
Automimmune hemolytic anemia
Continuous rbc dest resulting to anemia due to autoantibodies
187
Drug induced hemolytic anemia
Rbc dest due to drug induced prod of autoantibodies
188
Alloimmune hemolytic anemia
Rbc dest due to presence of alloantibodies to foreign red cell ag intro to the circ thru transfusion or preg
189
Hemophila
Ex of bleeding dis due to deficiency of particular coagulation factor
190
Hemophilia a
Sex linked recessive trait due to factor 8 deficiency most are males
191
Hemophilia b
Aka christmas disease. Sex linked disorder due to absence of factor 9
192
High titer low avidity (HTLA)
Ab charac as weak and can be diluted to high titer despite weak rxn
