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Laboratory Procedures > Blood Collection > Flashcards

Blood Collection Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the preferred blood source?

A

Venous blood

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2
Q

Which vein is the best for collection?

A

Jugular vein

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3
Q

What is a Vacutainer composed of?

A
  • needle
  • needle holder
  • tubing
  • collection tubes
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4
Q

What does the amount of blood collected depend on?

A
  • amount of plasma or serum needed

- hydration status of animal

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5
Q

How much blood should be taken?

A

Enough to run the required tests 3 times

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6
Q

What is Serum or Plasma?

A

Fluid portion of whole blood

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7
Q

What is the % of the fluid portion of blood?

A
  • 90% water

- 10% dissolved constituents like protein, vitamins, carbs, hormones etc…

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8
Q

What is Plasma?

A
  • Does contain clotting factors

- clotting factors known as fibrin

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9
Q

What is Serum?

A

Plasma that has had the clotting factors removed

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10
Q

What are Anticoagulants?

A

Chemicals that prevent or delay the clotting factors

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11
Q

When should a sample be refrigerated?

A

After 1 hour

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12
Q

What is Red Topped Tube?

A
  • contains nothing
  • used for whole blood
  • used for serum samples
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13
Q

What is Serum Seperator/ Tiger Topped Tube?

A
  • no anti coagulant
  • has yellowish plug of clot activation gel
  • separates serum from cells when spun
  • used for serum samples
  • NOT used for therapeutic drug level monitoring
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14
Q

What is Lavender/Purple Topped Tubes?

A
  • contains anticoagulant EDTA (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid)
  • used for plasma samples
  • used for whole blood samples
  • used for complete blood counts
    • doesn’t alter cell morphology
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15
Q

What is Grey Topped Tube?

A
  • contains anticoagulant Sodium Fluoride
  • best for glucose preservation
  • interferes with many other tests performed on serum
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16
Q

What is Blue Topped Tube?

A
  • contains anticoagulant Sodium Citrate
  • commonly used in transfusion
  • Na Citrate interferes with Na assays and many common serum tests
17
Q

What is Green Topped Tube?

A
  • contains anticoagulant Neparin
  • can be used for most tests that require plasma samples
  • shouldn’t be used for differential blood film analysis because anticoagulants interfere with the staining of the WBCs
18
Q

What is Hematology?

A

Study of blood

19
Q

Why is Hematology important?

A
  • evaluation of disease states
  • screening for well animals as a baseline
  • pre anesthetic screening
  • drug level monitoring
20
Q

What is Hematopoiesis?

A

-production of all blood cells,platelets, and pluripotent

21
Q

What is Pack Cell Volume?

A
  • measuring the percent of cells in a patient’s blood

- if animal is dehydrated, the fluid portion of blood will be lower

22
Q

What is a Hematocrit?

A

Fastest and easiest way to determine number of RBCs

23
Q

What will PCV tell you?

A

If animal is anemic or dehydrated

24
Q

What is the normal PCV for canines?

A

37-55%

25
Q

What is the normal PCV for felines?

A

30-45%

26
Q

What is the normal PCV for equine?

A

32-52%

27
Q

What is the normal PCV for bovine?

A

24-46%

28
Q

How long should a blood sample be spun in a centrifuge?

A

2-5 min

29
Q

What is normal plasma color?

A

Clear or straw

30
Q

What is cloudy plasma?

A

Lipemic (fat)

31
Q

What is reddish plasma?

A

Hemolysis

32
Q

What is yellow plasma?

A

Icteric (possible liver disease)

33
Q

What is a Blood Film Test used for?

A
  • Perform the WBC differential
  • estimate platelet numbers
  • evaluate morphological shape of WBCs, RBCs and platelets
34
Q

What is the Differential Cell Count?

A

Where different WBCs are tallied separately

35
Q

Blood cells: most common to least common

A
  • segmented neutrophil
  • lymphocytes
  • monocytes
  • eosinophil
  • basophil

Laboratory Procedures (7 decks)

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