Blood Component Preparation And Therapy Flashcards
(122 cards)
1
Q
Plasma-derived components (8)
A
Fresh frozen plasma Plasma Cryoprecipitate Factor VIII concentrate Factor IX concentrate Anti-inhibitor coagulation complex Immune globin Albumin/plasma protein factor
2
Q
Hard spin aka
A
Heavy spin
3
Q
Heavy spin aka
A
Hard spin
4
Q
Speed and time for PRBC
A
Heavy/hard spin
-5000 g for 5 mins
5
Q
Speed and time for platelet concentrate
A
Heavy/hard spin
-5000 g for 5 mins
6
Q
Speed and time for preparing cryoprecipitate
A
Heavy/hard spin
-5000 g for 7 mins
7
Q
Speed and time for preparing leukocyte-reduced RBC
A
Heavy/hard spin
-5000 g for 7 mins
8
Q
Speed and time for preparing cell free plasma
A
Heavy/hard spin
-5000 g for 7 mins
9
Q
Speed and time for preparing PRP
A
Light/soft spin
2000 g for 3 min
10
Q
Hard/heavy spin (2)
A
5000 g for 5 mins
-PRBC, PC
5000 g for 7 mins
-cryoprecipitate, leukocyte-reduced RBC, cell free plasma
11
Q
Light/soft spin (1)
A
2000 g for 3 min
-PRP
12
Q
Used to replace the loss of both RBC mass and plasma volume in actively bleeding patients
A
Whole blood
13
Q
T/F: no viable plts in whole blood
A
True
14
Q
T/F: decreased labile coagulation factors (Factor V and VIII) in whole blood
A
True
15
Q
Labile coagulation factors which are decreased in whole blood (2)
A
Factor V
Factor VIII
16
Q
Whole blood for exchange transfusion should be __ old
A
Less than 6 days old
17
Q
PRBC prepared by (2)
A
A. Sedimentation
B. Centrifugation
18
Q
For treatment of symptomatic anemia where O2 capacity is needed
A
PRBC
19
Q
For Px who can’t tolerate increased blood col
A
PRBC
20
Q
Advantages of PRBC over whole blood (3)
A
Equal O2 capacity in half the vol of whole blood
Significant reduction in antibodies (anti-A and anti-B) facilitating safe transfusion of group O to non-group O recipients
Significant reduction in lvls of acid, citrate, and potassium load in Px’s with cardiac, liver, and renal diseases
21
Q
For neonates
A
RBC aliquots
22
Q
RBC aliquotes for treatment of anemia caused by (3)
A
Spontaneous fetomaternal hemorrhage
Obstetric accidents
Internal hemorrhage
23
Q
For the treatment of anemia caused by spontaneous fetomaternal hemorrhage, obstetric accidents, internal hemorrhage
A
RBC aliquotes
24
Q
Ave unit of RBC contains __ WBCs
A
2x10^9 leukocytes
25
A reduced leukocyte content to __ prevents repeated non-hemolytic febrile transfusion rxns
Less than 5x10^8 leukocytes
26
A reduced leukocyte content to 5x10^8 prevents
repeated non-hemolytic febrile transfusion rxns
27
A reduced leukocyte content to __ prevents HLA sensitization
5x10^6
28
A reduced leukocyte content to 5x10^6 prevents
HLA sensitization
29
Reduces immunosuppression of recipient by donor WBC
Leukocyte reduced RBC
30
Prevents allo immunization to HLA, CMV transmission, and recurrent non-hemolytic febrile transfusion rxn
Leukocyte reduced RBC
31
T/F: Leukocyte reduced RBC DOESN'T prevent graft vs host disease
True
32
Most gods to prepare leukocyte-reduced RBCs (2)
Centrifugation
| Filtration
33
Leukocyte reduced RBC: filters (3)
| -describe each
1. generation: 1st
Pore size: 170-260 um
Filter/mechanism: screen filter- removes fibrin clots
2. Generation: 2nd
Pore size: 20-40 um
Filter/mechanism: micropore screen filter- remove microaggregates like plts, nucleus, degenerated WBCs, cell fragments
3. Generation: 3rd
Pore size: n/a
Filter/mechanism: adhesion filter- removes almost 99.9% of WBCs leaving less than 5x10^8 WBCs
34
Removes fibrin clots
First generation filter: screen filter
35
Remove micro aggregates like nucleus, plts, degenerated WBCs, cell fragments
2nd generation: micropore screen filter
36
Removes 99.9% of WBC leaving less than 5x10^8 WBC
Third generation filter
37
First generation filter pore size
170-260 um
38
Second generation filter pore size
20-40 um
39
Washed RBCs for the treatment of (4)
AIHA
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Px's with IgA deficiency
Allergic reactions
40
```
Given to treat
AIHA
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Px's with IgA deficiency
Allergic reactions
```
Washed RBCs
41
For prolonged cell storage for rare blood donor units, autologous units, and units for special purposes (like intrauterine transfusion)
Frozen deglycerolized RBCs
42
Process which removes nearly all WBCs and plasma
Frozen deglycerolized RBCs
43
200-250 mL of plasma frozen at -18•C within 8 hrs of collection
Fresh frozen plasma
44
FFP: __ mL of plasma frozen at -18•C within 8 hrs of collection
200-250
45
FFP: __ mL of plasma frozen at __ within __ hrs of collection
200-250 mL
-18•C
8 hrs
46
T/F: FFP without plts available
True
47
contains all coagulation factors
Fresh frozen plasma
48
Used to treat multiple coagulation deficiencies occurring in patients with liver failure, vit K deficiency, DIC, massive transfusion, warfarin toxicity
Fresh frozen plasma
49
Used to treat multiple coagulation deficiencies occurring in patients with (5)
liver failure, vit K deficiency, DIC, massive transfusion, warfarin toxicity
50
Safer products for blood col expansion or protein replacement (3)
Serum albumin
Synthetic colloids
Balanced salt solutions
51
Cold insoluble portion of plasma that precipitates when FFP has been thawed between 1-6•C
Cryoprecipitate
52
Cryoprecipitate is the Cold insoluble portion of plasma that precipitates when FFP has been thawed between __•C
1-6
53
Vol of cryoprecipitate
10-15 mL
54
Time needed for thawing and pooling
30 mins
55
Used primarily for the replacement of fibrinogen which is indicated among Px's with liver failure, DIC, massive transfusion, or those with congenital fibrinogen deficiency
Cryoprecipitate
56
Cryoprecipitate is used primarily for the replacement of fibrinogen which is indicated among Px's with (4)
liver failure, DIC, massive transfusion, or those with congenital fibrinogen deficiency
57
Cryoprecipitate can also be a source of (3)
Factor VIII
factor XIII
Von Willebrand fractor
58
Can also be a source of the ff
Factor VIII
factor XIII
Von Willebrand fractor
Cryoprecipitate
59
T/F: cryoprecipitate is no longer a pro duct of choice for FVIII and Von Willebrand deficiency
True
60
FVIII and Von Willebrand deficiency now treated with (2)
Factor VIII concentrate
Desmopressin acetate: DDAVP
-1-deamino(8-D-arginine)-vasopressin
61
Quality control: 1 U cryoprecipitate with
150-250 mg fibrinogen
80-120 IU Factor VIII
40-70% Von Willebrand factor
20-30% Factor XIII
62
Cryoprecipitate: storage:
1 yr if frozen at __
6 hrs if thawed at ___
4 hrs if __
-18•C
20-24•C
Pooled
63
Cryoprecipitate: storage:
__ if frozen at -18•C
__ if thawed at 20-24•C
__ if pooled
1 yr
6 hrs
4 hrs
64
Essential in primary hemostasis
Platelets
65
May be prepared by processing UNrefrigerated whole blood within 6-8 hrs of phlebotomy or through apheresis
Platelet concentrate
66
May be prepared by processing UNrefrigerated whole blood within __ hrs of phlebotomy or through apheresis
6-8
67
Used among bleeding Px's suffering from thrombocytopenia as a result of problem in Px's
Platelet concentrate
68
Thrombocytopenia may be caused by (2)
Defective of deficient plt prodxn
| Induced destruction of plt due to radiation or chemotherapy
69
```
Quality control: platelet concentrate
Random donor plt:
Single donor plt:
Storage temp and special consideration:
Shelf life:
pH:
```
```
Random donor plt: 5.5x10^10
Single donor plt: 3x10^11
Storage temp and special consideration: 20-20•C with constant agitation
Shelf life: 3/5 days (if pooled, 4 hrs)
pH: 6.0
```
70
Each unit of plt is expected to proved the ff increase in plt ct (assumin 70kg indiv)
RDP:
SDP:
RDP: 5000-10000/uL
SDP: 20000-60000/uL (same with 3-6 pools of RDP)
71
Plt concentrate: interpretation
| >10000/uL: __
Good increment
| Refractoriness
72
Granulocytes concentrate prepared by
Cytapheresis (granulocytapheresis)
73
Granulocyte concentrate:
| Each product contains __ granulocytes if __ a/o __ are used
1x10^10 granulocytes
| Steroids, HES- hydroxyethyl starch
74
__ contains 200-600 mL plasma stored at 20-24•C WITHOUT agitation
Granulocyte concentrate
75
Granulocyte concentrate contains __ mL plasma stored at __•C WITHOUT agitation
200-600 mL
| 20-24•C
76
Granulocyte concentrate for (5)
```
Septicemia
Severe neutropenia
Neonates with impaired neutrophil func
Reversible BM hypoplasia
Fever
```
77
```
Used for treatment of the ff
Septicemia
Severe neutropenia
Neonates with impaired neutrophil func
Reversible BM hypoplasia
Fever
```
Granulocyte concentrate
78
Granulocyte concentrate dosage:
A. Adults
B. Neonates
A. Adults
-one granulocytapheresis product daily for 4 or more days
B. Neonates
-Buffy coat or a granulocyte unit given once or twice
79
Formerly known as liquid plasma or cryoprecipitate poor plasma
Plasma
80
Plasma formerly known as (2)
liquid plasma or cryoprecipitate poor plasma
81
Has small amounts of factors V and VIII
Plasma
82
Plasma has small amounts of (2)
Factors V and VIII
83
T/F: plasma not recommended for those with deficiency in either Factor V and VIII
True
84
Plasma recommended for (2)
Treatment of stable coagulation deficiency, esp factor IX
| Plasma source for lxs undergoing plasma exchange
85
Used for:
Treatment of stable coagulation deficiency, esp factor IX
Plasma source for lxs undergoing plasma exchange
Plasma
86
Factor VIII concentrate prepared by (2) of __
Fractionation and lyophilization
| Pooled plasma
87
Factor viii concentrate derived from __ obtained by __
Pooled plasma
| Plasmapheresis
88
Factor VIII concentrate stored at __ temp and reconstituted with __ at the time of infusion
Refrigerator (4•C)
| Saline
89
Used to treat patients with hemophilia A
Factor VIII concentrate
90
Hemophilia A aka
Factor VIII deficiency
91
Factor viii deficiency aka
Hemophilia A
92
Factor VIII concentrate used to treat
Hemophilia A
93
Prepared from pooled plasma using separation and viral inactivation
Factor IX concentrate
94
Factor IX concentrate prepared from __ using __ and __
Pooled plasma
| Separation, viral inactivation
95
Factor IX concentrate contains (4)
Factors II VII IX X
96
Used to treat hemophilia B
Factor IX concentrate
97
Hemophilia B aka
Factor IX deficiency
98
Factor IX deficiency aka
Hemophilia B
99
Factor IX concentrate used to treat
Hemophilia B
100
Plasma left after separation from whole blood of cellular components and cryoprecipitate
Cryosupernate
101
Cryosupernate used to treat (3)
Bleeding other than hemophilia
Hypofibrinogemia
Hypovolemia
102
Used to treat the ff
Bleeding other than hemophilia
Hypofibrinogemia
Hypovolemia
Cryosupernate
103
inactivates T lymphocytes in donor unit and prevents graft vs host disease
Gamma irradiated RBC
104
Gamma irradiated RBC inactivates __ in donor unit and prevents __
T lymphocytes
| Graft vs host disease
105
Patients susceptible to transfusion-acqd graft vs host disease (TA-GVHD) (7)
```
Bone marrow transplant recipients
Severe combined immunodeficiency
Hodgkin's lymphoma
Di George syndrome
Intrauterine transfusion
Exchange transfusio
Directed donations from blood relatives
```
106
Gamma irradiated RBCs: __ and __ exposed to __ irradiation at __ rads for __ mins
RBCs, plts
Gamma
25 rads, 4.5 mins
107
vit K dependent and define protease inhibitor
Protein C
108
Inactivated factors V and VIII preventing thrombus formation
Protein C
109
Used for patients with alpha-1-anti trypsin deficiency which is assoc with emphysema and live disease
Alpha protease inhibitor concentrates
110
For the treatment of angiodema of the mucosa and submucosa of resp and GI tracts
C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate
111
Use of patient's own blood, particularly useful in elective surgery
Autologous transfusion
112
Autologous transfusion accounts for __% in US
5%
113
Accounts for 5% of transfusions in US
Autologous transfusion
114
Reduced need for allogenic BT, reduces risk of postoperative complications like infection, tumor
Autologous transfusion
115
4 types of autologous transfusions
Preoperative collection
Normovolemic hemodilution
Intraoperative collection
Postoerative "SHED" collection
116
Blood is withdrawn and stored before anticipated transfusion, used for stable Px's scheduled for surgical procedure
Preoperative collection
117
Collection of 1 or more units of blood at the beginning of surgery with replacement of Px's blood vol using crystalloid or colloid solns. Blood is reinfused during or at the end of surgery
Normovolemic hemodilution
118
Blood is collected during surgical procedure by aspiration from surgical site. It is then processed and is rein fused to Px immediately after surgery
Intraoperative collection
119
Collection of blood from drainage tube placed in surgical site and rein fusion following open heart and traumatic hemothorax
Postoperative "SHED" collection
120
Autologous donor Px may donate blood every __ but NOT within __ of surgery to allow plasma to normalize before surgery
3 days
| 72 hrs
121
__ mg of __ or __ given every 3x daily as iron supplement if several units rqd within a few weeks
320 mg of ferrous sulfate or ferrous gluconate
122
Blood components (10)
```
Whole blood
RBCs
Leukocyte-reduced rbc
Washed RBC
Frozen or deglycerolized RBC
Granulocyte pheresis
Plt concentrate
Plt pheresis
Leukocyte-reduced plt
RBC-adenine saline added
```
