Blood Disorder

Question 1

Main Blood Disorder Drug

Answer 1

Anti Anemia
Anti-Coagulant
Anti-Platelet
Anti-Fibrinolytic
Anti-Hyperdemic

Question 2

Anemia

Answer 2

Low con of HB in blood, Low o2 in blood

-2SD (Male14-16 gram %, Female 13-15 gram %)

Question 3

Anemia characterized by

Answer 3

Pallor- Pale skin & mucous membrane
Fatigue - Tiredness
Shortness of Breath -Dyspenea

Question 4

Type of Anemia

Answer 4

Microcytic(Fe)
Macrocytic(B12,Folic acid) (Megaloplastic)
Normocytic
Mixed

Question 5

Normocytic Anemia

Answer 5

BM failure
Endocrine failure
Chronic disease

Question 6

Clinical Indication Fe deficiency

Answer 6

Dietery deficiency
Chronic blood loss
Increased demand
Inadequate absorption
Early tt of pernicous anemia

Question 7

Pernicous anemia

Answer 7

Atrophy of gastric mucosa(Produce intrinsic factor- Absorb B12)
B12 deficiency Megaloplastic Anemia

Question 8

Anemia TT concept

Answer 8

Correct cause

Iron replacement theraphy

Question 9

Anemia Oral Preparation

Answer 9

Ferrous Fumarate(Syrup)
Ferrous Gluconate
Ferrous Sulphate
Ferrous Succinate(Elixir)

Question 10

Oral Anemia start small dose & increase gradually

Answer 10

Avoid GIT upset

Better with food

Question 11

Oral Anemia Failure

Answer 11

Bad compliance
Continuous blood loss
Wrong diagnosis

Question 12

Oral Anemia Adr

Answer 12

GI upset, might blacken the faces

Question 13

Parenteral anemia Indication

Answer 13

Need sure & definate response
Non compliance
Intolerable GIT symptom
Can’t be absorbed through GIT

Question 14

Parenteral anemia IM

Iron Dextran Inferon 50mg/ml

Answer 14

Deep & Painful
May stain skin Dark Brown (2 years)
Headache, nausea, metallic taste (2 hours)

Question 15

Parenteral anemia IV

Answer 15

Total dose infusion
Iron Sorbitol Jactofer 50mg/ml
Iron Dextran Inferon 50mg/ml

Question 16

Acute Iron Toxicity

Answer 16

Iron Chelation
At home, give Raw Egg & milk
Avoid citreous fruit juice
Deferoxamine(desferal)

Question 17

Chronic Iron Toxicity(Haemochromatosis)

Answer 17

in Chronic Iron Theraphy
Repeated blood transfusion
Haemolytic Anemia
tt Venesection in non-anemic
Chelation in anemic

Question 18

b12 importance in

Answer 18

Lipid metabolism & neuronal function(Subacute combined degeneration of the cord)
DNA synthesis, Production of RBC(Megaloblastic Anemia)

Question 19

Cause b12 deficiency

Answer 19

Mostly Pernicous Anemia

Less Dietry

Question 20

Cyanococabolamine(IM,IV)

Answer 20

tt b12 defi

Question 21

Hydroxycabolamine (IM,IV)

Answer 21

tt b12 defi

TT of “Cyanide Poisoning”

Question 22

Failure TT b12

Answer 22

Wrong diagnosis

Question 23

early tt of b12 need

Answer 23

Fe
Folic Acid
K+

Question 24

Folic Acid clinical use

Answer 24

Tt of Megaloplastic Anemia
Tt & Prevention of Methotrexate Toxicity
Prophylaxis of individual developing folate deficiency

Question 25

individual developing folate deficiency

Answer 25

Pregnant women Premature Infants Chronic Heamolytic Anemia Prevention of Spina Bifina

Question 26

Warfarin & Dicumarol

Answer 26

``` Oral anticoagulant Invivo(vit k competitive(1972)) cross placenta antidote IV Vit K, Phytomenadione slow onset ```

Question 27

Heparin, Low Molecular Weight Heparin(LMWH)

Answer 27

Stimulate + Antithrombin III Invivo & invitro Don't cross placenta Antidote Protamine Sulphate SO4

Question 28

Clinical use of Anticoagulant

Answer 28

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) preooperatively Extension of DVT or recurrent of pulmonary embolism Thrombosis or embolism in atrial fibrilation Clotting during heamodylisis or bypass surgery Thrombosis on prostetic valve Unstable angina

Question 29

Contraindication Anticoagulant

Answer 29

``` Bleeding tendency Ulcerative lession of GIT Suspected intercranial haemorrage Severe Hypertension Advance hepatic and renal disease Pregnancy "oral & non-parenteral" Hypersensitivity ```

Question 30

Antiplatelet class

Answer 30

Inhibit ADP receptor (Thienopyrimidine) COX inhibitor(inhibit TXA2 production) Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitor - platelet aggregation

Question 31

Inhibit ADP receptor (Thienopyrimidine)

Answer 31

Ticlopidine Clopidogrel Prasugrel

Question 32

COX inhibitor(inhibit TXA2 production)

Answer 32

Aspirin | Sulfinpyrazone

Question 33

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor

Answer 33

Dipyridamole Epoprostenol(PGI2) Prostaglandin

Question 34

GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitor - platelet aggregation

Answer 34

Abciximab Eptifibatide Tirofiban

Question 35

Clinical uses anti-platelet

Answer 35

``` Acute Myocardiac Infraction After coronary artery bypass grafting Unstable angina Coronary stenting Thrombotic stroke- Prevent recurrent AF if Anticoagulant are contraindicated Arterial thrombosis - PACV ```

Question 36

ANtihyperdemic drug

Answer 36

``` Targeting exogeneous Cholesterol uptake inhibitor(Ezetemibe) Bile acid binding resin(Colestipol & Cholestyramine) Targeting endogeneous Statin, Fibrates, Nicotinic Acid ```