Blood Disorders Flashcards
(16 cards)
Causes if anaemia
Low haematocrit
Acute or chronic bleeding
Iron deficiency
Folate /b12 deficiency
Premature destruction of RBCs
Anaemia
Reduced haemoglobin conc in blood reducing oxygen carrying capacity in blood
Leukaemia
Uncontrolled growth ig any type of WBC -> bone marrow failure
Symptoms of anaemia
Pallor
Fatigue
tachycardia
Shortness of breath
Diagnosis of anaemia
Hb conc >120g/L
5 types of WBC
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
Symptoms of leukaemia
Anaemia
Leukopenia ( recurrent infections )
Thrombocytopenia (bleeding)
Causes of arterial thrombosis
Probbaly caused my inappropriate activation if platelets
Atherosclerosis only occurs in arteries
Rupture of plaque exposes lipids which are thrombogenic
Diagnosis of leukaemia
Fbc
Bone marrow biopsy
Histology if WBCs
Causes if venous thrombosis
Inappropriate activation of coagulation in the veins
Virchows triad - stasis, endothelial damage, hypercoagulablity
Diagnosis of venous thrombosis when it’s ischaemic stroke
Clincal but neuro imaging necessary to distinguish haemorrhagic vs ischaemic
Diagnosis of arterial thrombosis when it’s myocardial infactyion
ECG, elevated tropinin levels ( protein releases by damaged heart muscle , elevated créatine kinase levels ( released by damahed heart muscle )
Diagnosis of art trial thrombus when it’s peripheral arterial disease
Ankle brachial index , ultrasound , MRI
Dvt diagnosis
Ultrasound
Venogram
Elevated D- diners
Treatments of thrombosis
Fibrinloytic / thrombocytopenia drugs
Break down arterial and venous thrombi
