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Haematology > blood donation > Flashcards

blood donation Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Types of donation

A

Whole blood donation
Apheresis donation
Autologous blood donation

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2
Q

Principles of donor selection

A
  • blood shouldnt harm donor
  • donated blood loss can be restored rapidly and completely
  • Blood must harn recipient
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3
Q

Types of blood donors

A

Voluntary donors- do it out of freewill
Replacement donors– come in to donate for sick relative
commercial donors- do it for money

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4
Q

Blood donation process

A

Predonation
blood donation
postdonation

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5
Q

pre donation process

A
  • Donor is screened
  • goes through eligibility criteria
  • deferral criteria,
  • If approved signs consent form
  • medical examination
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6
Q

How is blood processed

A
  1. Blood is screened for
    - HIV 1 and 2
    - Hepatitis B
    - Hepatitis C
    - Syphillis
  2. Blood is seperated into components
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7
Q

Blood components

A 
Packed RBC
FFP
Cryo-precipitates
platelet concentrates
granulocytes
other plasma derivatives
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8
Q

Blood transfusion is

A

The clinical usage of large range therapeutic products prepared by blood centre from whole blood or pooled human plasma

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9
Q

TRansfusion chain

A

Request for transfusiom–> sent for pre transfusion compatibility testing–.>Sample collected to ward after testing—>Administration of blood

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10
Q

In the process of blood administration

A

Documentation of transfusion
care and monitoring of transfusion patient
Manage and report adverse transfusion events
Specification of staff responsible for transfusion

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11
Q

Considerations for blood transfusions

A

Does patient need blood product
Are there alternatives that can achieve same results
Has the right blood product been selected

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12
Q

In sample collection

A

Avoid prelabelling tubes

No sample from preexisting iv line

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13
Q

First choice of whole blood for every group

A

Is that same groups blood. i.e blood group A donor gives blood to blood group A recipient

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14
Q

Blood group AB is

A

A universal recipient

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15
Q

Blood group O

A

a universal donor

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16
Q

Blood group O 2nd,3rd,4th choice of donor

A

none

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17
Q

Blood group A and B 2nd choice of donor

A

O

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18
Q

Blood group A and B 3rd,4th choice of donor

A

none

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19
Q

Blooed group AB second choice of donor

20
Q

Blood group AB third choice of donor

21
Q

Blood group AB 4th choice of donor

22
Q

blood group O 2nd choice for platelets

23
Q

Blood group O 3rd choice for platelets

24
Q

Blood group O 4th choice for platelets

25
Blood group A 2nd choice - platellets
AB
26
Blood group A 3rd choice-platelets
B
27
A 4th choice- platelets
O
28
B second choice for platelets
AB
29
B 3rd choice- platelets
A
30
B 4th choice platelets
O
31
AB second choice- platelets
A
32
AB 3rd choice- platelets
B
33
AB 4th choice platelets
O
34
Dangerous universal donors
Those with high anti-A and anti B causing high hemolytic potential
35
Start transfusion slowly at a rate of
2ml/min
36
Check for vital signs
within 15 mins
37
Transfuse for a total of
4hrs
38
Why do component therapy
Provides optimum survival for each component Allows transfusing specific blood components according to need of patient Eliminates use of contraindicated component which might be harmful to recipient
39
Indications for whole blood
Cases where Hb and blood volume needs to rise at same time - Acute massive blood loss Severe anemia Exchange blood transfusion of neonates
40
1 unit of cocentrated red cells raises hb by
1g/dl
41
Indications for platelet transfusion
- Bleeding due to thrombocytopenia - Active bleeding with platelet count less than 50 times 10 raised to 9/L - Prevention of spontaneous bleeding with counts less than20 times 10 raised to the power 9 per liter - Inpending surgery involving CNS, eye, spine where counts are less than 100 times 10 raised to 9 - Open heart surgery with counts less than 150 times 10 raised to the power 9 - Treatment of platelet defects i.e ITP, HEPARIN INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA, THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA
42
Survival of platelets in ITP
brief
43
FFPs contain
All coagulation factors No need for cross matching
44
FFps used in
- treatment of clotting deficiencies -Haemolytic ureamic syndrome Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura Liver dx DIC Warfarin overdose Coagulation factor depletion in massive transfusion
45
Cryoprecipitate
Rich in FVIII, fibrinogen, FXIII and vWF No need for cross match Used immediately when thawed
46
Indications of cryoprecipitate
Haemophilia A Good source of fibrinogen in DIC von willebrand factor deficiency Factor 13 deficiency
47
Blood must be transfused slowly in
infants elderly patients with cardiovascular dx risk of fluid overload

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