Blood Flukes

Question 1

Africa (Egypt)

Answer 1

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 2

Least serious

Answer 2

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 3

Vesical schistosomiasis

Answer 3

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 4

Excreted in urine

Answer 4

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 5

Intermediate Host: Snail

Bullinus
Biomphalaria
Physopsis

Answer 5

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 6

Definitive Host: MAN

Answer 6

Schistosoma haematobium

Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 7

Habitat: Urinary Bladder Plexus

Answer 7

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 8

Male Adult:
— 4-5 large testes in cluster
— Short and stout
— Gynecophoral canal present 
— Cuticle tuberculation

Answer 8

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 9

Female Adult
— Ovary posterior mid portion
— Uterus: Less eggs (20-100 eggs)

Answer 9

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 10

Eggs: Short and terminal spine

Answer 10

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 11

Pathogenesis:
— Least serious
— Vesical schistosomiasis
— Excreted in the urine

Egg retention:
— Hematuria
— Dysuria
— Ulcer
— Bladder polyp
— Obstructive uropathies

Answer 11

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 12

Diagnosis:
— Urine examination: (+) Eggs - Definitvie diagnosis
— 24 hour urine collection may be recommended
— Microscope filtration for the detection of ova in urine
— Cytoscopy
— Immunodiagnostic tests: COPT, CHR, FAT, ELISA
— Ultrasound to detect urinary lesion

Answer 12

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 13

Treatment:
Praziquantel (DOC)
Antiinflammatory drugs

Answer 13

Schistosoma haematobium

Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 14

Infective Stage: Cercaria

Answer 14

Schistosoma haematobium

Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 15

Diagnostic stage: Egg

Answer 15

Schistosoma haematobium

Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 16

Africa, SA

Answer 16

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 17

Moderate

Answer 17

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 18

Manson’s intestinal schistosomiasis

Answer 18

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 19

Excreted in feces

Answer 19

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 20

Intermediate Host: SNAIL

— Biomphalaria (Africa, KSA, Middle East)
— Tropicorbis centrimetralis (Brazil)

Answer 20

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 21

Habitat: Large intestine, inferior mesenteric

Answer 21

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 22

Male Adult:
— 6-9 small testes in column or group
— Short and stout
— Gynecophoral canal present

Answer 22

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 23

Female Adult:
— Ovary anterior mid portion
— Uterus: Few eggs (less than 100 eggs)

Answer 23

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 24

Eggs: Sharp and lateral spine

Answer 24

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 25

Pathogenesis: — Manson’s intestinal schistosomiasis — Excreted in feces Egg retention / granuloma in bowel wall — Bloody diarrrhea — Cramping — Inflammatory colonicpolyposis — Increased rate of recurrent Salmonella infection — Heavy infection (hepatic disease) — Severe fibrosis (pipestem pattern) — Periportal fibrosis (portal hypertension) — Portal hypertension sequelae: Splenomegaly, ascites, esophageal varices, development of portosystemic collaterals

Answer 25

Shistosoma mansoni

Question 26

Diagnosis: — Stool exam — Serology: ELISA (confirmation of past exposure; distinguish inactive and active infection; antigen titers from serum and urine correlate with degree of infection) — Rectal biopsy — Katokatz method: Glycerol for identification and quantification — Immunodiagnostic tests: COPT, CHR, FAT, ELISA — Ulrtasound - Detect pipestem fibrosis of the liver and patency of portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric vessels

Answer 26

Shistosoma mansoni Schistosoma japonicum

Question 27

SEA, Philippines

Answer 27

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 28

Most serious (More # of eggs)

Answer 28

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 29

Oriental blood fluke

Answer 29

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 30

Excreted in urine and feces

Answer 30

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 31

Intermediate host: Snail | Oncomelania quadrasi

Answer 31

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 32

Habitat: Small intestine, superior mesenteric

Answer 32

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 33

``` Male Adult: — 7 Testes — Short and stout — Gynecphoral canal present — No cuticle tuberculation ```

Answer 33

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 34

Female adult: — Ovary centrally located — Uterus: Most eggs (300 eggs at a time)

Answer 34

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 35

Egg: Rudoimentary, Abbrev spine with cell debris

Answer 35

Schistosoma japonicum

Question 36

Pathogenesis: —Most serious (due to more # of eggs) ``` Egg retention / granuloma in bowel wall — Bloody diarrhea — Cramping — Inflammatory colonicpolyposis — Increased rate of recurrent Salmonella infection — Heavy infection (hepatic disease) — Severe fibrosis (portal hypertension) — Portal hypertension sequelae: splenomegaly, ascites, esophageal varices, development of portosystemic collaterals ```

Answer 36

Schistosoma japonicum