Blood Glucose Agents

Question 1

Which organ is responsible for glucose regulation?

Answer 1

Pancreas

Question 2

T/F: the pancreas is both an endocrine glad and a exocrine gland

Answer 2

True

Endocrine Gland: produces the hormones responsible for glucose regulation

Exocrine glad :

Question 3

Which pancreas cell produces insulin?

Answer 3

Beta

Question 4

What does insulin do?

Answer 4

When blood glucose is too high, insulin is released to lower the blood sugar.

Question 5

T/F: insulin is released after meals causing blood glucose levels to fall

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What is the job of glucagon?

Answer 6

Glucagon is released in response to low blood sugar levels.

Question 7

What is hypoglycemia?

Answer 7

Not enough glucose in the blood

Question 8

Which type of diabetes mellitus makes an insufficient amount of insulin due to the viral destruction of beta cells in the pancreas?

Answer 8

Type 1

Question 9

Which type of diabetes is insulin dependent? IDDM

Answer 9

Type 1

Question 10

Which type of diabetes is non insulin dependent diabetes? NIDDM

Answer 10

Type 2

Question 11

Which type of diabetes is usually a rapid onset and most of the time is seen in younger people and children?

Answer 11

Type 1

Question 12

Which type of diabetes usually occurs in mature adults and is usually related to life style? This also has a slow progressive onset

Answer 12

Type 2

Question 13

What signs and symptoms would you see in someone who has Hyperglycemia and why?

Answer 13

Fatigue, lethargy, irritation, glycosuria(glucose in the blood, polyuria(increased urination), polyphagia(increased hunger), polydipsia(increased thirst).

You would see these s/s because having too much glucose in the blood is starving the cells of glucose. When you starve the cells they do not have energy resulting in you not having energy

Question 14

Fruity breath as ketones build up in the body and are excreted through the lungs is a severe sign of what?

Answer 14

Severe sign of hyperglycemia

Question 15

Blood glucose defined as 126 mg/dL is considered?

Answer 15

Hyperglycemia

Question 16

Blood glucose less than 70 mg/dL is considered ?

Answer 16

Hypoglycemia

Question 17

What are the s/s of hypoglycemia?

Answer 17

Not enough glucose in the blood. Too much in the cells. Creating shakiness, dizziness, sweating, hunger, tachycardia, not able to concentrate, confusion, irritability.

Question 18

T/F: A two nurse check is needed when administering insulin to children

Answer 18

True!

Question 19

What is the only oral DM drug approved for use in children?

Answer 19

metFORMIN

Question 20

What hormone drives glucose into the cells?

Answer 20

Insulin

Question 21

Insulin is a replacement of someone’s naturally occurring hormone in someone who has..?

Answer 21

Type 1 diabetes- they are insulin dependent

Question 22

Are there any contraindications for insulin?

Answer 22

No, there is not. This is a replacement hormone for something our body naturally produces

Question 23

Why would hypoglycemia and keto acidosis as a AR of insulin?

Answer 23

Hypoglycemia, if we give too much insulin. Blood glucose goes below 70

Diabetic keto acidosis, because the could be under-dosed resulting in blood sugar being too high

Question 24

What is a drug to drug interaction when we give someone insulin?

Answer 24

When given with any drug that decreases glucose levels.

Question 25

What is a good source for diabetics to help ensure them they are on/have a good diet?

Answer 25

AMD-American Diabetic Association

Question 26

Why would you NOT give insulin to someone who is not ready to eat?

Answer 26

Giving insulin to someone who is not ready to eat lowers blood glucose levels, putting them at risk for hypoglycemia. This can be dangerous

Question 27

What does the onset refer to on medications ?

Answer 27

When the medication will begin to work

Question 28

Why would you NOT give someone with Type 1 diabetes Sulfonylureas?

Answer 28

Because the job of a sulfonylureas is to stimulate the release of insulin at the beta 1 cells in the pancreas. Because beta cells are destroyed in Type 1 DM this drug would have no effect. It cannot stimulate the release of insulin when the body does not naturally make an efficient amount.