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Blood Groups Flashcards

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1
Q

Residual HLA class1 glycoprotein molecules on RBCs

A

BG antigens
Weak on cord cells
Chromosome 6. Band p21. I

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2
Q

BG antigens are sensitive to (2 chemicals)

A

CDP and EGA

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3
Q

Ch/Rg sensitive to?

A

Enzymes: Ficin/papain
Pronase, Trypsin, Chymotrypsin

Also, can be neutralized

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4
Q

Ch/Rg (017)
RESISTANT to…

A

DTT, CDP and EGA

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5
Q

9 antigens in Kn system (022)

A

Kna, Knb, McCa, McCb, Sla, Yka, Vil, SI3, KCAM

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6
Q

JMH resistant to (2 chemicals)

Acquired loss of CD108

A

EGA and CDP

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7
Q

Proteolytic enzymes

A

Ficin
Papain

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8
Q

Disulfide bond reducing agents

A

DTT
AET

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9
Q

PP1Pk are glycoLIPIDS, not glycoPROTEINS

A

True

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10
Q

Alternate form of a gene

A

Allele

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11
Q

Fixed position on a chromosome

A

Locus

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12
Q

Group of alleles inherited together

A

Haplotyoe

Eg. RHD and RHCE

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13
Q

Duffy gene

A

FY; ACKR1 (atypical chemokine receptor 1)
Chr: 1
5 antigens

Receptor for plasmodium vivax and knowlesi

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14
Q

CCI = (PLT increment)x(body surface area - m^2) / number PLTs transfused x10^11

A
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15
Q

PPR percent platelet recovery

A

(PLT increment) x (weight inKg x 75ml) / (PLT count of product)x(PLT volume in mL)

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16
Q

Gene for MNS system (002)

A

GYPA (M,N)
GYPB (S, s)

Chr: 4
4 common antigen: M N S s
49 total antigens

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17
Q

Gene for Lewis system
(LE/007)

A

FUT3

Chr: 19
6 antigens

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18
Q

Gene for Kell system
(006)

A

KEL
Chr: 7
6 common antigens (KEL1-6)
36 total antigens

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19
Q

Gene for Kidd system
(JK/009)

A

SLC14A1 (solute carrier/transport protein)
Chr: 18
UT-B urea transport protein

3 common antigens
Jka, Jkb, Jk3

Jk(a-b-) seen in Polynesian and Chinese

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20
Q

Silencing gene results in SINGLE dose expression of antithetical antigen

A

Weaker than double dose expression

Eg. Fyb silenced = SINGLE dose Fya in Fy(a+b-) in AA donors

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21
Q

Blood groups characterized in 4 ways:

A
  1. Serologically
  2. Genetically
  3. Functionally
  4. Structurally
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22
Q

Gene for P1PK system (003)

A

P1PK; A4GALT
Chr: 22
3 antigens P1, Pk, NOR

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23
Q

Gene for H (018)

A

H; FUT1 (a-fucosyltransferase enzyme)
Chr: 19

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24
Q

A1 lectin

A

Dolichos biflorus

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25
Anti-H lectin
Ulex europaeus
26
Secretor gene name
FUT2 (Se or secretor) Chr: 19
27
Bombay phenotype
Inheritance of non-functional FUT1(H) and FUT2(Se) gene
28
Para-Bombay
Inherited NON-functional FUT1(H) gene with FUNCTIONAL FUT2/Se gene
29
GLOB (Globoside) 028
2 antigens: P, Px2 Chr 3
30
Anti PP1Pk
IgM or IgM/IgG Clinically significant Naturally occurring in ‘p’ phenotype Seen in: spontaneous abortion
31
Anti-P
Naturally occurring in P1k and P2k phenotypes -recurrent spontaneous abortions and PCH
32
RH blood group gene (004)
RHD, RHCE (codominant) Chr: 1 5 common antigens
33
Rh ‘combo’ antigens:
ce(f) RH6 Ce RH7 (rhi) CE (Rh 22) cE (Rh 27)
34
RH null caused by…
*RHAG* Rh-associated glycoprotein gene ABSENT or mutated (Chr 6) -produces stomatocytes (bite cells)
35
Ena- (high) caused by loss of this
Lack of Glycophorin A
36
Lack of GPB results in…
No S or s expression; lack U antigen (high) 2% blacks
37
Mk gene
No GPA or GPB production; Lacks all MNS antigens
38
Ko- Kell null
Lack all KEL system antigens Produce: anti-Ku
39
McLeod cells
- Diminished amounts of KEL antigens - lack Kx and Km - X-linked - acanthocytosis - CGD
40
Fy(a-b-) resistant to which malaria parasite
Plasmodium vivax (ACKR1) Chemokine receptor is receptor for P. Vivax and P. knowlesi
41
Gene for Lutheran blood group
LU; BCAM Chr: 19 25 antigens IgM, IgA or IgG Increases red cell adhesion
42
Gene for LW antigen (016)
ICAM Chr: 19 3 antigens - LWb (low), LWa (high), LWab (high)
43
More LW antigen on Dpos rbcs
???
44
MHC Genes on Chr 6 are responsible for which (group) antigens?
HLA antigens
45
HLA class1 produces which antigen groups?
HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C antigens Expressed on all nucleated cells
46
HLA class II responsible for/produces
HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR Expressed on antigen presenting cells (B lymphs, macrophages)
47
HLA class III responsible for/produces
Non-HLA, complement proteins and tumor necrosis factor
48
HLA plays a role in platelet refractoriness
HLA class I antigens present on platelets HPA-1a (most common; 80%)
49
HPA antibodies seen in the following conditions:
1. FNAIT - maternal IgG destroys fetal platelets 2. Post-tx purpura- 5-10 days after transfusion 3. Platelet refractoriness
50
HNA (human neutrophil antigens) related conditions (2)
9 HNAs; related to: 1. NAN - maternal IgG destroys fetal neutrophils (anti-HNA-1a, 1b, HNA-2) 2. TRALI - respiratory distress within 6hrs of transfusion
51
Ch/Rg - located on C4 protein
Proteins Adsorb onto rbc membrane C4A - binds to protein (Rg) C4B - binds to carBohydrates (Ch)
52
Knops system antigens
Complement receptor 1 (CD35) Chr 1 Receptor for plasmodium falciparum
53
Knops null
Helgeson cell - unable to detect all antigens in system due to low copy numbers
54
YT system (011) CAN be clinically significant
AChE protein Chr 7 MMA is needed
55
Anti-Yta Chromosome 7 abnormalities
Myelodysplasias Some SLE PNH
56
Dombrock system (014)
Chr 12 Potentially clinically significant 8 antigens - Doa, Dob, Gya(null), Hy, Jo, DOYA, DoMR, DoLG Requires DNA to predict expression
57
P1 gene
Chr 22 Stronger antigen expression in AA
58
??? Type 1 chains Proteins in plasma and secretions
- Beta 1-3 linkage - N-acetylgalactosamine
59
Type 2 chains Found on lipids on RbcS
- Beta 1-4 linkage - Glucose
60
M antigen amino acids
GPA 20-24 Ser-Ser-Thr-Thr-Glycine
61
N antigen
L-S-T-T-Glutamic acid
62
S antigen
GPB L-S-T-T-Glutamic (‘N’) + Methionine (S) Threonine
63
Blood groups: Chromosome 1 (D R Kn Sc)
Duffy Rh Knops Scianna Cromer Vel
64
Blood groups: Chromosome 2
Gerbich Lan
65
Blood groups: Chromosome 3
Globoside
66
Blood groups: Chromosome 4
MNS JR
67
Blood groups: Chromosome 6 [Rich-6]
(R)HAG (I) (C)hido/Rogers (H)LA
68
Blood groups: Chromosome 7
Kell Yt/Cartwright Colton
69
Blood groups: Chromosome 9 **
ABO FORS Gill
70
Blood groups: Chromosome 11
Indian/In Raph CD59
71
Blood groups: Chromosome 12
Dombrock Do (dozen = 12)
72
Blood groups: Chromosome 15
JMH
73
Blood groups: Chromosome 18
Kidd (JK) You’re only a “Kidd” until you’re 18
74
Blood groups: Chromosome 19 **
H (FUT1 gene) Lewis (FUT 3 gene) Lutheran LW
75
Blood groups: Chromosome 22
P1Pk
76
D’el found in which population? Very low copy numbers of D antigen; only detectable by adsorption/elution
East Asians (25-30%) of D-
77
High resolution genotyping methods
cDNA Sanger sequencing Next Gen sequencing
78
Low resolution genotyping
Gel-based HEA array RFLP-PCR SSP-PCR
79
In(Lu) is depressed copy numbers - don’t make anti-Lu3. (Not a true Lu null)
- has 1 normal + 1 mutated KLF1 gene - Detectible by ads/elu - Also depressed: AnWj, Co, P1, Indian, Sc, Di
80
TRALI symptoms
- HYPOtension, -HLA or NEUTROPHIL antibodies - respiratory distress, -within 6 hrs of transfusion
81
TACO Symptoms
- HYPERtension - cardiogenic edema - Fluid overload - vascular confestikn
82
Variant D types/alleles
Weak D (145 alleles) D’el (46 alleles) Partial D (130 alleles)
83
Over expressed Lu antigens in SCD
Causes binding of increased quantities of laminin (LN 511/521) Inflamed endothelial adhesion causing blockages
84
Potentially clinically significant antibodies
Anti-Yta Anti-Dob
85
Duffy glycoprotein is erythrocyte receptor for which interleukin?
Interleukin 8
86
??What low incidence antigen is associated with D••
Evans (Rh37)
87
?? What low incidence antigen is associated with D-IVa
Go(a+)
88
What cell morphology is associated with Rh null
Stomatocytes
89
What cell morphology is associated with McLeod/CGD
Acanthocytes
90
??? Lewis: Glyco-LIPIDS (plasma) Glyco-PROTEINS (secretions)
Need to verify

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