Blood groups and transfusion medicine Flashcards
(57 cards)
what blood groups can cats have
A
B
AB
What type of antibodies does type A feline blood carry
Naturally occurring weak anti-type B antibodies
What type of antibodies does type B feline blood carry
Naturally occurring very strong anti-type A antibodies
what cats must be blood typed prior to a transfusion
all cats- even in an emergency
What will giving type A blood to a type B cat result in
intravascular haemolysis of type A blood within seconds of transfusion
May be fatal
What will giving type B blood to a type A cat result in
extravascular haemolysis
PCV will fall to pre-transfusion levels within days
When does feline neonatal isoerythrolysis occur
Type A or AB kitten born from type B queen
Anti A antibodies transfer from colostrum while <24 hrs old
What type of antibodies does type AB feline blood carry
carries no antibodies against type A or B antigens
List the signs of feline neonatal isoerythrolysis in a kitten
Red/Brown urine
Jaundice
Anaemia
Sudden death
What blood type should the donor dog be if giving an untyped transfusion reaction
DEA 1 NEGATIVE
T/F Dogs do have pre-formed antibodies against non-self canine blood types
False
What patients should DEA 1 positive blood only be given to and why
DEA 1 positive patient
Prevent sensitizing a DEA 1 NEGATIVE dog to DEA 1 antigen
Reduce chance of delayed haemolytic reaction
What happens if DEA 1 POSITIVE blood is given to a sensitised DEA negative dog
acute haemolytic transfusion reaction (potentially fatal)
What does a major cross match detect
Assesses compatibility between donor red blood cells and patient plasma/serum
most important type of cross match
what does a minor cross match detect
Assesses compatibility between donor plasma/serum and patient RBCs.
When is cross matching required in dogs
if recipient has been previously transfused >4d prior
history of previous transfusion reaction
transfusion history unknown
List 4 indications for a blood transfusion
evidence of circulatory collapse
rapid drop in PCV to <20% in dog or <15% in cats
absolute PCV of <20%
signs of specific organ hypoxia
Within how many hours of collection must fresh whole blood be used
8 hrs
List 3 things that fresh whole blood contains that stored whole blood doesn’t
platelets
WBCs
Liable clotting factors
List 2 situations where whole blood is indicated for
acute blood loss
active bleeding
how long can packed red blood cells be stored in the fridge
42 days
What is the difference between fresh frozen plasma and frozen plasma
fresh frozen plasma froze within 24hrs of collection
liable and non-liable clotting factors (only non-liable in FP)
shelf life of 1 yr (FP shelf life= 5 years)
What patients are PRBCs indicated for
patients developing clinical signs of low tissue oxygenation due to anaemia
what patients is FFP indicated for
patients with coagulopathies
