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ANATOMY 2 > BLOOD, HEMOSTASIS, AND BLOOD GROUP > Flashcards

BLOOD, HEMOSTASIS, AND BLOOD GROUP Flashcards

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1
Q

-Distribution of gases nutrients, metabolic and metabolic waste
-Hormone transport
-Regulates body temperature
-Regulates body PH (7.35 to 7.45)
-Protection against infections(WBC)
-Cell formation

A

BODY FUNCTION

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2
Q

-The more oxygen we have the more brighter our blood is
-The less oxygen we have the darker our blood

A

BLOOD

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3
Q

-Liquid part of our blood
-55% of our blood volume

A

PLASMA

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4
Q

-Red blood cells
-White blood cells
-Platelets

A

FORMED ELEMENT

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5
Q

-Consist of 99% water
-The water will act as a solvent for other substances
-Proteins are the majority of the other substances

A

BLOOD PLASMA (1)

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6
Q

-Blood plasma 55%
-Buffy coat less than 1%
-Red blood cells 45%

A

BLOOD PLASMA (2)

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7
Q

.Men 47 (+/- 5%)
.Women 42 (+/- 5%)
-The higher the value, the higher the viscosity

A

BLOOD VISCOSITY NORMAL VALUE
VISCOSITY=THICK

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8
Q

-Percentage of the blood that consist of erythrocytes

A

HEMOCRIT same as (HEMATOCRIT)

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9
Q

-Occurs in red bone marrow and it is the formation of all formed elements
-All formed elements start as stem cells (hemocytoblast)

A

BLOOD CELL FORMATION
-HEMOPOIESIS/HEMATOPOIESIS

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10
Q

-Is driven by the influence of hormone and growth depending on the needs of the body

A

PROCESS OF HEMOPOIESIS/HEMATOPOIESIS

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11
Q

-Live for 100 to 200
-Constantly reproducing them
-Most numerous cells of blood
-The red color comes from protein (Hemoglobin)
-No molecules or mitochondria cannot use the oxygen to generate ATP

A

ERYTHROCYTES=RED BLOOD CELLS

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12
Q

-The stem cells transforms into a proerythroblast
-Develops into a erythroblast
-Develops further into a reticulocyte (which can already transport O2)

A

ERYTHROPOIESIS

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13
Q

Immature red blood cells

A

RETICULOCYTE

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14
Q

Mature red blood cells

A

ERYTHROCYTE

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15
Q

Transport of oxygen from lungs to the tissue and is dependent on hemoglobin

A

ERYTHROCYTES MAIN FUNCTION

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16
Q

-Men 16(+/-2)
-Women 14(+/-2)
-Globin=protein, Hemo= one atom of iron

A

HEMOGLOBIN NORMAL VALUE

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17
Q

In order to be fully oxygenated we need…..

A

4 MOLECULES

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18
Q

The graveyard to the RBCs

A

SPLEEN

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19
Q

-Oxygen deficiency in tissues
-There are receptors in the kidneys and liver that can sense it

A

HYPOXIA

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20
Q

Stimulate the red bone marrow to produce more

A

SECRETE ERYTHROPOIETIN (EPO)

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21
Q

Can increase EPO production

A

TESTOSTERONE

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22
Q

Blood low amount of RBCs

A

ANEMIA

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23
Q

-WBCs=defense
-Can leave capillaries via diapesis

24
Q

-Normal value: 5,000 to 10,800

Study These Flashcards
A

LEUKOCYTES NORMAL VALUE

25
-WBCs formation -Originates from hemocytoblast in the bone marrow
LEUKOPOIEIS
26
-WBC count over 11,000/mm3 - Normal response to bacterial or viral invasion
LEUCOCYTOSIS
27
-Chemical messengers that stimulate the formation and release of these specific leukocytes
Interleukins (Ils) and Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)
28
-End in phils -Larger and shorter-lived than RBCs
GRANULOCYTE
28
-Lack of visible cytoplasmic granules -Have spherical or kidney-shaped nuclei
AGRANULOCYTE
29
Neutrophils lymphocytes Monocytes eosinophils basophils
60 NEVER 30 LET 8 MY 2 ENGINE 0 BLOW
30
-Most numerous WBCs -Refers to the fact that the nuclei have many different shapes -Give the cytoplasm a lilac color -Very phagocytic — “bacteria slayers”
NEUTROPHILS
31
-Red-staining, bi-lobed nuclei -Digest parasites that are too large to be phagocytized -Modulators of the immune response” – regulate the effects of histamine
Eosinophils
32
-Rarest WBCs -Large, purplish-black (basophilic) granules contain histamine
Basophils
33
-Inflammatory chemical that acts as a vasodilator and attracts other WBCs to inflamed site
Histamine
34
-Large, dark-purple, circular nuclei with a thin rim of blue cytoplasm
Lymphocytes
35
-The largest leukocytes -Activate lymphocytes to mount an immune response
Monocytes
36
- Effective against:  Viruses  Intracellular bacteria  Chronic infections
Macrophage
37
-Begins when injury occurs to the blood vessel, which leads to damage to the endothelium
Hemostasis
37
-Also known as thrombocytes -These play a major role in hemostasis -These are regulated by thrombopoietin
Platelets
37
-Leukopenia -Leukemia: immature WBCs in the blood
Problems with leukocytes
38
1. Vascular spasm 2. Formation of platelet plug 3. Coagulation of blood
3 Stages of Hemostasis
39
-slow it down does not completely stop it
Vascular spasm
40
-Naturally sticky -Exposed collagen at the site of injury
Formation of Platelet plug
41
-Set of reactions that will finalize the network that gets laid down to completely finish hemostasis and it will form a "blood clot"
Coagulation (clotting)
42
-fast -tissue trauma -activated by platelets Triggered by the release of tissue
-Extrinsic
43
-more pathway, more detail -blood trauma
intrinsic
44
-Thrombus -Embolus -Embolism -Hemophilia -Hepatitis
Disorders of Hemostasis (Thromboembolic disorders)
45
clot formed in an unbroken vessel
Thrombus
46
if a piece of clot breaks off
Embolus
47
if the piece is lodged in an artery
Embolism
48
-A -B -AB -O
4 TYPES OF BLOOD GROUPS
49
-Universal donors can donate to anybody
O
50
-Universal recipient can receive from anybody
AB
51
-Immune serum that prevents a mother's blood from becoming sensitized to foreign antibodies from her fetus
RHOGAM
51
There are many antigens to this system but only three are common (C, D and E) - Only D is of clinical importance - Rh+ or Rh-
RH FACTOR

ANATOMY 2 (10 decks)

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