Blood pressure terms, values, significance Flashcards
(28 cards)
Define Systolic pressure
maximum pressure recorded during a cardiac cycle
- it is recorded during ventricular systole. because pressure is maximum during ventricular systole.
Normal value range of systolic pressure
100- 119 mm Hg
systolic pressr. range for prehypertensive state
120-139 mm Hg
systolic pressr. range for hypertensive state
140 or >140 mm Hg
significance of systolic pressure
since systolic pressure depends on cardiac O/P, it increases when C.O increases.
also, systolic pressure depends on compliance of the arteries. with advancing age, the arteries become stiff and so the systolic pressure increases.
in stiff vessels, the ability to contain a particular amount of blood is less when compared to normal vessels.
define diastolic pressure
minimum pressure recorded during the cardiac cycle.
- it is recorded during diastole. because, minimum pressure is recorded during diastole.
normal range of diastolic pressure
60-79 mm Hg
diastolic pressr range for prehypertensive state
80- 89 mm Hg
diastolic pressr range for hypertensive state
90 or >90 mm Hg
significance of diastolic pressure
diastolic pressure primarily depends on peripheral resistance. so, it changes with alterations in peripheral resistance.
peripheral resistance in turn depends on:
- diameter of blood vessel
- viscosity of blood
vasoconstriction increases diastolic pressr.
vasodilation decreases diastolic pressure
define pulse pressure
difference b/w the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
normal value of pulse pressure (range)
20-50 mmHg
significance of pulse presssure
it is the pulse pressure that maintains the pulsatile nature of blood flow in the vascular compartment. this nature is essential for tissue perfusion
define mean arterial pressure (MAP)
the average pressure recorded during the cardiac cycle.
since, the duration of systole is less than that of diastole, the MAP is less than the value halfway between systolic and diastolic pressure
formula to calculate MAP
DBP + 1/3 PP
normal value of MAP (Range)
75- 105 mmHg
significance of MAP
it is the MAP that helps in forward movement of blood flow in the lumen of blood vessels. it also maintains tissue perfusion
define pulse
arterial pulse is defined as the rhythmic expansion of the arterial wall due to transmission of pressure waves along the walls of the arteries that r produced during each systole of the heart
name the vital signs
pulse
blood pressure
respiration
temperature
radial pulse (clinical importance of pulse)
radial pulse is examined to asses the arterial pulse. pulse is one of the vital signs of the living being. examination of pulse gives us info about the functioning of the heart and hemodynamic conditions like the blood pressure and the condition of the vessels.
are pulse rate and the heart rate the same?
yes but only in the normal conditions.
normal pulse rate?
60-100/min
what is a pulse deficit?
the difference between the pulse rate and the heart rate is called as the pulse deficit.
normally, there is no pulse deficit.
tachycardia
> 100/min–> pulse rate or heart rate
