Blood Study Guide

Question 1

What are the 3 major plasma proteins?

Answer 1

Albumin,
Fibrinogen,
Globulins

Question 2

What is hemopoiesis?

Answer 2

The productions of blood

Question 3

What properties of blood contribute to its viscosity?

Answer 3

Erythrocyte count,
Amount of plasma,
Hemoglobin concentration

Question 4

Why would a female have hematocrit values lower than a male?

Answer 4

Men produce androgens which increases RBC production

Hematocrit is inversely proportional to body fat.

Question 5

What is anemia?

Answer 5

Low RBC’s

Question 6

What is Sickle Cell Disease?

Answer 6

hereditary hemoglobin defects

-caused by recessive allele

Question 7

What are the nutritional needs for erythropoiesis?

Answer 7

Iron
Copper
Folic Acid
Vit. B12 and C

Question 8

What is Leukemia?

Answer 8

Elevated white blood cells

Question 9

What organelles are lacking in erythrocytes?

Answer 9

Mitochondria

Nucleus

Question 10

Where are RBC’s broken down?

Answer 10

Spleen then liver breaks down hemoglobin

Question 11

Where is the hemoglobin broken down?

Answer 11

liver

Question 12

What would increase erythropoiesis?

Answer 12

Erythropoietin

Question 13

What is erythropoietin and where is it produced?

Answer 13

stimulates bone marrow to increase RBC’s

Erythropoietin is produced in kidneys

Question 14

What is hemostasis?

Answer 14

cessation of bleeding

Question 15

What mechanisms are involved in hemostasis (stopping the bleeding)?

Answer 15

1. vascular spasm

2. platelet plug 3. Blood coagulation

Question 16

How does your body prevent inappropriate clotting?

Answer 16

platelet repulsion&Thrombin Repulsion&Natural Anticoagulants

Question 17

What is heparin?

Answer 17

an anti-coagulant

Question 18

What is hemophilia?

Answer 18

deficiency of clotting factors

Question 19

What are the clotting disorders?

Answer 19

Hemophilia,Hematomas,Thrombosis,Embolus,Infarction

Question 20

How do we clinically prevent clots?

Answer 20

Vit K antagonist (coumerin)

Question 21

How do we clinically dissolve clots?

Answer 21

streptokinase
TPA
hementin

Question 22

How are blood clots dissolved?

Answer 22

Fibrinolysis

Question 23

What is included in a Complete CBC?

Answer 23

1. Hematocrit
2. Hemoglobin concentration
3. Total count for RBC’s, reticulocytes, WBC’s & platlets
4. Differential WBC count
5. RBC size and hemoglobin concentration per RBC

Question 24

What are the 5 leukocytes?

Answer 24

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

Question 25

What are Neutrophils function?

Answer 25

bacterial infections 3-5 lobed nucleus

Question 26

What are Lymphocytes function?

Answer 26

antibodies
antigen presenting cells
immune cells/memory (T&B cells)

Question 27

Monocytes function?

Answer 27

Antigen presenting cells
Becomes tissue macrophages
horseshoe shape

Question 28

Eosinophils function?

Answer 28

Parasitic infections and allergies

2 lobes

Question 29

Basophil functions?

Answer 29

secrete histamine and heparin

Question 30

What is the most abundant Leukocyte?

Answer 30

Neutrophils

Question 31

What is the most universal blood donor?

Answer 31

Type O

Question 32

Universal recipient of blood?

Answer 32

Type AB

Question 33

What are the nonprotein components of blood?

Answer 33

hormones, glucose, waste, gases

Question 34

What are the steps to Erythropoiesis?

Answer 34

low oxygen sensed by kidneys that secrete erythropoietin which goes to the red bone marrow to make more RBC